| A | B |
|---|
| Industrial Revolution | a period of time marked by the rise of factories that used machines to produce goods |
| textile | fabric, especially woven or knitted |
| factory system | system that used machinary and workers together |
| interchangeable parts | system of making parts that are exactly alike |
| division of labor | dividing up the work and giving each worker one or two simple jobs |
| mass production | goods made in large quantities, in a short time, for less cost |
| Wilderness Road | rocky trail through the Appalachian Mountains Cumberland Gap; traveled by settlers heading south of the Ohio River |
| turnpike | private road blocked by pikes; required payment of a toll by travelers |
| toll | a fee paid to use a road or turnpike |
| National Road | a government-funded roadway that led to the West |
| canal | a channel dug out and filled with water to allow boats to cross a stretch of land |
| nationalism | feelings of pride and devotion to one's country |
| American System | system proposed by Henry Clay that aimed to help the economy of each section of the country and increase the power of the federal government |
| protective tariff | a tax on imports designed to protect American industries and goods |
| monopoly | exclusive control of a product or service in a particular market by a single company |
| interstate commerce | trade between states |
| sectionalism | rivalry based on the special interests of different areas |
| Missouri Compromise | passed in 1820, it allowed all new states north of the Missouri Compromise line to enter the Union as free states; it would keep an even balance of power in the Senate - 12 free states and 12 slave states |
| ultimatum | a demand that could have serious consequences |
| diplomatic recognition | an official acknowledgement by other countries of a countries existence |
| Monroe Doctrine | a policy that warned European nations not to interfere in the Americas |
| conestoga wagons | a type of horse-drawn covered wagon used to transport grain and goods |
| inflation | rapid rises in the price of goods |
| Adam-Onis Treaty | Spain ceded Florida to the United States |
| James Hargreaves | invented the Spinning Jenny in 1764 |
| Richard Arkwright | invented the water frame in 1769 |
| Eli Whitney | invented the steam powered loom in 1786 |
| James Watt | made the first practical use steam engine in 1796 |
| Oliver Evans | built the first high-pressure steam engine for machines in 1802 |
| Samuel Slater | memorized the design of the machinary in the Arkwright textile mill in England and secretly brought the design to the United States |
| Moses Brown | hired Samuel Slater to recreate Arkwrights textile mill in Pawtucket, Rhode Island |
| Francis Cabot Lowell | combined the entire process of converting cotton into cloth in one building in Waltham Massachusetts |
| Daniel Boone | Led a group of men to open up the Cumberland Gap for settlers to head west into Kentucky |
| John Fitch | designer of one of the first steamboats in 1785 |
| Robert Fulton | took ideas from John Fitch's steamboat to make a more practical and effiecent steamboat in 1807 called the Clermont |
| De Witt Clinton | Governor of New York who funded the building of the Erie Canal |
| James Monroe | fifth President of the United States of America, elected in 1816, aquired Florida during his Presidency and also known for his Monroe Doctrine |
| Henry Clay | Speaker of the house in the early 1800's, he proposed a nationalist program to improve the nation known as the "American System" and is known for his ability to compromise, such as the Missouri Compromise |
| John Quincy Adams | sixth President of the United States, represented the Northeast's interests in the election of 1820, and was elected President because of a "corrupt bargain" made between Henry Clay and him |
| Andrew Jackson | seventh President of the United States, represented the West's interests in the election of 1820, he won the most popular votes in the 1820 election, but lost because the House of Represenatives voted for John Quincy Adams |
| Pawtucket, Rhode Island | The location of the first textile mill in the United States, which was owned by Moses Brown and designed by Samuel Slater |
| Waltham, Massachusetts | The location of Francis Cabot Lowells factory which combined all of the processes of converting cotton into cloth under one building |
| Cumberland Gap | A section of the Rocky Mountains that was cut out by a comet allowing for easier passage to Kentucky |
| Lake Erie | DeWitt Clinton built a canal to connect this lake to the Hudson River and New York |
| Hudson River | Connected to Lake Erie by the Erie Canal |
| Erie Canal | A ditch dug on land to connect Lake Erie to the Hudson River and New York City |
| Buffalo, New York | The location of where the Erie Canal connected to Lake Erie |
| Dominion of Canada | The unification of upper and lower Canada into an independently governed country not controled by Great Britain |
| East Florida | The peninsula of present day Florida |
| Mexico | Gained its independence from Spain in 1821 |
