| A | B |
|---|
| cadence | a harmonic goal, resting place |
| coda | "the tail" of a movement; sometimes introducing new material as it brings the piece to a close |
| cadential extension | prolongs the arrival of a cadence by adding additional material |
| codetta | relatively brief closing section of a movement or piece |
| countermelody | a secondary melody, set against a principal melody |
| elision | connection of two phrases by overlapping them. the end of the first serves as the beginning of the second |
| fragment | portion of a motive or larger musical idea |
| introduction | section wihch opens a piece; establishes melodic, harmonic and/or rhythmic elements |
| bridge | a jazz term; the middle or "B" section of a song form which breaks away from the "A" sections |
| chorus | the refrain of a song |
| turnaround | harmonic progression which leads back to the top of a section or phrase |
| diminution | restatment of a melody using shorter rhythmic values |
| augmentation | restatement of a melody using longer rhythmic values |
| octave displacement | moving melodic notes to another octave |
| retrograde | backwards (re)statement of a melody |
| inversion (melodic) | restatement of a melody where intervals move int he opposite direction from the original |
| sequence | melodic device, restatement of a motive or idea at a different pitch level |
| transposition | changing existing music to a new key |
| motive | shortest identifiable melodic or rhythmic idea; the "germ" of a composition |
| period | composed of two melodic phrases; an antecedent (?) followed by a consequent (.) phrase |
| antecedent phrase | the "questioning" phrase...ends in a half cadence |
| consequent phrase | the "answering" phrase, ends in a final cadence |
| contrasting period | periods which differ in melodic or harmonic content |
| double period | four phrases in two pairs |
| parallel period | two similar phrases with different endings |
| phrase group | phrases which seem to be cohesive structurally, but cannot be analyzed as periods |
| refrain | the "chorus" of a song; music which repeats after every verse |
| binary form | AB form; first section (A) does not repeat after the B section. small common form |
| rounded binary form | AB; portion of the A section is found in section B. a small form |
| ternary form | ABA; da capo form. |
| solo | performance by an individual performer |
| soli | plural for solo; performance by 2 or more performers |
| strophic (compositional structure) | song form where the song structure is repeated with different lyrics |
| stanza (verse) | verse with same music but different lyrics |
| theme | idomatic musical motif |
| thematic transformation | (compositional device) the alteration of a theme for the sake of changing its character while retaining its essential identity. |
| rhythmic transformation | (compositional device) a theme's rhythm is changed in order to vary it from previous statements |
| motivic transformation | (compositional device) a theme or motive is transformed by one of the transformational devices |
| through-composed | form: a piece with no repetition of any sections |
| tutti | "all" together |
| theme and variations | form: a theme is stated, then restated with a variety of variations |
| conjunct (melody) | a melody which generally moves in steps |
| disjunct (melody) | a melody which generally moves in leaps |
