| A | B |
|---|
| Surface tension | The inward force, or pull, that tends to minimize the surface area of a liquid |
| surfactant | Any substance that interferes with the hydrogen bonding between water molecules and thereby reduces surface tension |
| aqueous solution | Water that contains dissolved substances |
| solvent | In a solution, the dissolving medium |
| solute | the dissolved particles in a solution |
| solvation | process by which the positive and negative ions of an ionic solid become surrounded by solvent molecules |
| electrolyte | compound that conducts an electric current when it is in an aqueous solution |
| non electrolyte | A compound that doesn not conduct an electric current in an aqueous solution |
| strong electrolyte | Conducts electricity well because almost all the solute exists as ions |
| weak electrolyte | Conducts electricity poorly because almost none the solute exists as ions |
| hydrate | a compound that contains water of hydration |
| effloresce | to lose water by way of hydration leaving a white fluffy substance behind |
| suspension | mixture from which particles settle out upon standing |
| colloid | Heterogenous mixture with a large range of particle size |
| tyndall effect | scattering of visible light by colloidal particles |
| brownian motion | chaotic movement of colloidal particles, caused by collisons of molecules |
| emulsion | colloidal dispersion of a liquid in a liquid such as mayonnaise |
| saturated solution | contains the maximum amount of solute for a given quantity of solvent |
| solubility | ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent |
| unsaturated solution | solution that contains less than the maximum amount for a specific solvent |
| miscible | ability of two liquids to dissolve in each other in all proportions |
| immiscible | liquids that are insoluble in each other |
| supersaturated solution | contains more solute than it can theoretically hold at a given temperature |
| concentration | measure of the amount of solute that is dissolved in a given quantity of solvent |
| dilute solution | contains a small amount of solute |
| concentrated solution | contains a large amount of solute |
| Molarity | number of moles of solute dissolved in one liter of solution |
| colligative property | A property that depends only uupon the number of solute particles and not upon their identity |
| freezing point depression | difference in temperature between the freezing point of a solution and the freezing point of the pure solvent |
| boiling point elevation | difference in temperature between the boiling point of the solution and the boiling point of the pure solvent |
| molality | moles of solute per kilogram of solvent |
