| A | B |
|---|
| David Elkind | believes US societies tend to push children so rapidlty they feel stressed and pressure at a young age |
| Elkind argues that academic success is largely based on factor outside of parent's control.... | inherited abilities and child's rate of maturation |
| learning should be...... | encouraged and not pushed |
| what percent of kids are enrolled in care outside of the home | 75% |
| compared to children at home...children enrolled in GOOD preschools benefit how? | cognitively and socially |
| child care center | all day care some educational components but mostly focused on social and emotions |
| family care center | small operation in private homes sometimes unlicensed quality can be uneven |
| center or school child care | typically staffed by trained teachers |
| preschools | provide intellectual and social experienced for children and provide care for only 3-5 hours a day |
| EFFECTIVENESS...high quality programs.... | children show more self confidence, independence, and knowledgeable about social world |
| EFFECTIVENESS....high quality programs...... | children are more verbally fluent and have better memory and comprehension and higher IQ scores |
| QUALITY | well trained care takers, appropriate size and ratio, carefully planned curriculum, rich lang. env., materials and activities are age appropriate, basic health and safety standards are followed |
| US LAGS BEHIND | US does not have a coordianted national policy on preschool ducation - left up to state and local gov. |
| Russia | 75% of urban children in Russia attend school from age 3-7 |
| France & Belgium | preschool is a legal right |
| how much tv does an average preschooler watch? | more than 21 hours of tv a week |
| how much time do they spend reading? | 3/4ths of an hour on the average |
| how many have used a computer? | 70% have used a computer and l/4 use it every day |
| Controlling tv exposure | Acadaemy of Pediatrics recommends that tv exposure be limited; suggest until age 2 NO TV, after age 2 no more than 1-2 hours of quality programming each day |
| What is the most popular edu program for children in US | Sesame Street |
| what percent of preschoolers watch Sesame Street | l/2 or 50 percent |
| How many countries is Sesame Street broadcasted in/ | 100 |
| A two year study of preschoolers who watch Sesame Street showed..... | larger vocabularies, better prepared for school, andhave more advanced verbal and math abilities |
| Piaget Preoperational Stage | 2-7 years of age, time of both stability and great change, |
| symoblic function | the ability to use a mental symbol, a word, or an object to stand for or represent something that is not physically present |
| Centration | the process of concentrating on one limited asepct of a stimuls and ignoring all other aspects |
| Centration | What you see is what you think! |
| Centration | they only focus on obvious elements that are within sight...leading to accuracy of thought |
| conservation | the knowledge that quantity is unrelated to the arrangment and physical appearance of objects |
| transformation | the process in which one state is changed into another...preschoolers view an object in isolation and are unable to reconstruct the transformation |
| egocentrism | the inability to take other's perspectives |
| two forms of egocentrism | 1. lack of awarness that others see something from a difference physical perspective 2. failure to realize that others may hold different thought, feelings than their own |
| intuitive thought | preschoolers use of primitive reasoning and their avid acquisition of knowledge about the world |
| when does curiousity bloom | ages 4-7 |
| functionality | the idea that action, events, and outcomes are related to one another in a fixed pattern |
| identity | the understanding that certainthings stay the same, regardless of changes in shape, size and appearnce |
| why is concept of identity neccesary for children? | for them to develop an understanding of conservation, a skill that makrs the transition from preoperational to concrete operational |
| evaluating Piaget's theory | Piaget underestimated children's capabilities, did not do his observations on enought children...he only used a few of them |
| assessing Piaget | he underestimated children's understanding of numbers in preoperational stage, and stage development is more continuous unlike him who thought it was more stages |
| x | x |
