| A | B |
|---|
| body weight remains stable if... | energy intake and output are equal |
| body weight has a | homeostatic set point |
| apetite and satiety are controlled by | hypothalamis |
| what neurons absorb blood glucose and signal fullness? | glucostat |
| inflating the stomch | inhibits hunger |
| what is the major regualtory center of hungrer | arcuate nucleus |
| SHort tem control of apetite is by | ghrelin, peptide yy, cholecystokinin |
| ghrelin | from parietal cells of stomach, stimulates eating |
| peptide yy | form duodennum and jejunum enteroendocrine cells, induces satiety |
| cholecystokinin | from duodenum and jejunum enteroendocrine cells, induces satiety |
| lond term adiposity signals | leptin and insuin |
| leptin | form adipose cells , satiety signal |
| insulin | from pancreatic beta cells, satiwty signal |
| calorie | the amount of heat that will raise the temperature of 1g of water 1 degree celcius |
| nutrients | any ingested chmical used for growth, repair, or maintenece |
| 6 classes of nutrients what are they | water, carbohydrate, minerals, vitamins, proteins, and lipids |
| macronutrients | must be consumed in large amounts, proteins, fats, carbohydrates |
| micronutrients | needed in small amounts |
| essential nutrients | nutrients the body cannot synthesize such as minerals, vitamins, 8 amino acids, and 1-3 fatty acids |
| where in the body are carbohydrates founf | muscle, liver, and blood glucose |
| neurons and RBC's depend on what exclusivelu | glucose |
| fiber | all fibrous materials from plants or animals that resists digestion |
| effects on fiber | absorbs water in the intestines and thus softens the stool and gives it bulk speeding the transit time |
| pectin is what soluble | water siluble |
| cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin are... | water insoluble fibers havin no effect upon cholesterol |
| fat souluble vitamins depend on what for their absorption in the intestine | dietart fat |
| ohispholipids and chloestorol are structural components of | plasma mebranes and myelin |
| chloeserol is a precurser for | steroids, bile salts and vitamin D |
| fatty acids are precursers of | prostaglandins and other eicosainoids |
| what fatty acids must be consumed by the body | linoleic, linlenic and arachidonic acids |
| saturated fats come from | animals |
| unsaturated fats come from | plants |
| cholesterol is found in | egg yolks, cream, shellfish etc. |
| lipoproteins have 4 classes, more protein= | more dense |
| chlomicrons are formed where | in the small intestine |
| VLDLS | are produced in the liver |
| x | x |
| x | x |
| x | x |
| x | x |
