| A | B |
|---|
| moment | the turning effect of a force; calculated using the formula: Moment = Force x distance |
| pivot / fulcrum | the point round which something turns |
| lever | a device used to change the size and direction of an applied force |
| clockwise | in the same direction as the rotating hands of a clock |
| anticlockwise / counterclockwise | in the direction opposite to the rotation of the hands of a clock |
| antagonistic muscles | muscles that work against the action of other muscles |
| *torque | the measure of a force's tendency to produce torsion and rotation about an axis |
| *work | the product of the force applied on an object multiplied by the distance the object moved |
| *simple machine | one or two part devices that make work easier; e.g. lever, wheel and axle, pulley, screw |
| first class lever | Fulcrum/pivot is located between the effort and the resistance |
| second class lever | Resistance is located between the fulcrum and the effort |
| thrid class lever | Effort is applied between the fulcrum and the resistance |
| first class lever | Examples of this are: pry bar/crowbar, scissors, seesaw |
| second class lever | Examples of this are: nutcracker, wheelbarrow, door on a hinge |
| thrid class lever | Examples of this are: tweezers, broom, shovel, your arm (biceps, elbow joint and lower arm bones) |
| *mechanical advantage | mechanical advantage—the factor by which a machine multiplies the force put into it |
