| A | B |
|---|
| Adams-Onis Treaty | Spain gives Florida to the United States and gives up claims to Oregon |
| Alexander Hamilton | Federalist leader who wanted to establish a national bank |
| railroads and canals | helped the growth of an industrial economy and supported the westward movement of settlers. |
| Andrew Jackson | US president of the "common man", new democratic spirit used spoils system |
| Bank of the United States | central bank; hated by Jackson |
| Cabinet | The President's informal advisory committee established by Washington |
| cotton gin | machine cleaned seeds from cotton fiber; responsible for the expansion of slavery |
| Democratic-Republicans | Political party that believed in a weaker national government, agricultural economy opposed the national bank, pro-French, like today's Democratic Party |
| Doctrine of Nullification | States can ignore laws passed by Congress; Southerners used it to oppose Tariff of 1828 |
| Eli Whitney | invented the cotton gin and demostrated a musket made with interchangable parts |
| Federalists | Political Party that believed in a strong national government, industrial economy, a national bank, pro-British |
| George Washington | At the close of his presidency, the first political parties developed over the issue of the national bank |
| Gibbons v. Ogden | Ruled that national (federal) could regulate interstate commerce |
| Indian Removal Act (1830) | Jackson's policy of removal of Native Americans from the Southeast |
| Indian Territory | Modern Day Oklahoma, Indians put on reservations |
| Jacksonian Democracy | Increased participation of "common man" (white males) in democratic process, more democratic campaigning |
| John C. Calhoun | laid out a theory of nullification |
| John Marshall | The Federalist justice of the Supreme Court whoÕs decisions strengthened the power of the national government |
| John Quincy Adams | established a foreign policy based on nationalism, including Monroe Doctrine |
| Judicial review | The power of the courts to declare a law or action of government unconstitutional |
| Lewis and Clark | Led the expedition of scientific discovery through the territory west of the Mississippi |
| Louisiana Purchase | The land acquisition in 1803 doubled the size of the United States- it came from France |
| Marbury v. Madison | This court decision established the principle of judicial review |
| McCulloch v. Maryland | the power to tax is the power to destroy, supported idea of implied powers |
| Missouri Compromise (1820) | Missouri and Maine admitted to the Union; slavery prohibited north of Missouri's southern border out into Louisiana Territory, overturned by Kansas-Nebraska |
| Monroe Doctrine | western hemisphere for republics, warned Europeans to stay out of the Western Hemisphere |
| nationalism | belief that the interests of the nation should come before those of a region |
| panic of 1837 | collapse of the credit system, caused by pet banks |
| pet banks | state banks which offer credit based on paper money not silver or gold, led to Panic of 1837 |
| Sacajawea | She served as a guide and translator for the Lewis and Clark Expedition |
| Sectionalism | Each section of the country has it's own needs |
| Spoils System | Jackson stated this system of giving government jobs to people that supported his campaign |
| Tariff | tax on imported goods |
| The Trail of Tears | Harsh journey west that killed more than 4000 Inidans |
| Thomas Jefferson | Democratic-Republican President associated with the Louisiana Purchase and his opposition to the National Bank |
| Trail of Tears | describes the suffering of Native Americans as they were forced West to Oklahoma |
| Results of War of 1812 | American claims to the Oregon Territory, and increased American migration to Florida |
| Whig Party | Opposed Jacksonian Democrats, founded by former Federalists after their party collapsed after War of 1812 |
| XYZ Affair | International scandal as French officials demanded bribes, Adams refused! |
| Causes of War of 1812 | impressment, British interference with American shipping |
| Manifest Destiny | b. God wants the Americans to control all of North America |
| Nat Turner | Led a violent slave revolt in Virginia, led to harsher slave codes |
| popular sovereignty | would allow each territory to decide if it wanted to allow slavery or not, ignored Missouri Compromise |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | Said issue of slavery would be allowed in these states to be determined by popular sovereignty |
| Dred Scott Case | Said slaves were NOT citizens but property, slaves could be taken anywhere, caused more sectionalism |
| Compromise of 1850 | California as free state, Utah/New Mexico would use popular sovereignty, Fugitive Slave Law |
| Fugitive Slave Act | Caused anger in North, required Northerners to return escaped slaves |
| Frederick Douglass | speaker who was an ex-slave |
| Harriet Beecher Stowe | Wrote anti-slavery Uncle Tom's Cabin |
| Harriet Tubman | Conductor on the Underground Railroad |
| John Brown | White abolitionist who led failed slave revolt at Harper's Ferry |
| Lincoln's House Divided Speech | Said a nation divided over slavery would fall |
