| A | B |
|---|
| The fall of this city in 1453 encouraged Europeans to look for new water based trade routes. | Constantinople |
| What did the Europeans want from Asia? | Spices, tea, silk, paper, porcelain, textiles |
| Europeans were also driven by the desire to spread what religion to new lands? | Christianity |
| This man sponsored early voyages of exploration. | Prince Henry the Navigator |
| What two European countries led the early stages of exploration? | Portugal and Spain |
| Who found a water route to India and established trade routes there? | Vasco da Gama, who sailed for Portugal. |
| Who was trying to reach Asia, but actually ended up finding North America? | Columbus, who sailed for Spain. |
| Who conquered the Aztecs in what is present day Mexico? | Hernando Cortez, who sailed for Spain. |
| Who conquered the Incas in present day Peru? | Francisco Pizarro, who sailed for Spain. |
| Who made the first attempt to sail around the world? He gets credit for it even though he died halfway. | Magellan, who sailed for Spain. |
| Who was the first Englishman to sail around the world? He also led the English defense against the Spanish Armada in 1588. | Francis Drake. |
| Who was the French explorer who claimed Eastern Canada for France? | Jacques Cartier. |
| How was Christianity spread to the New World? | Colonists moved to the New World and missionaries set out to convert Native Americans |
| What country led the colonization of Central and South America? | Spain |
| What country in South America does not speak Spanish? | Brazil. They speak Portuguese as a result of being colonized by Portugal. |
| What happened to most of the Native Americans within a few years of the arrival of Europeans? | They died either from war against the Europeans, or from European diseases like smallpox. |
| Who was at the top of the social classes in the New World colonies? | The people of pure European descent. The Natives were under them. |
| With most natives dead, Europeans turned where to find a source of labor? | Africa |
| Africans were forced into slavery and brought to the New World for what purpose? | To grow cash crops. |
| What is a cash crop? | A crop grown only to sell and make money. Examples are coffee, cotton, tobacco, and sugar cane. |
| The system of trade routes connecting Europe, Africa, and the New World became known as what? | The Triangular Trade. |
| What was the Middle Passage? | The part of the Triangle Trade that carried slaves from Africa to the New World. |
| What is the name given to the massive exchange of plants, animals, ideas, religions, people, and diseases between the Old and New World? | The Columbian Exchange. |
| What things went from the Old World to the New World? | Horses, technology, diseases, religions. |
| What things went from the New World to the Old World? | Cash crops, corn, potatoes, tobacco. |
| European nations like Spain got very wealthy from what? | Taking gold and silver from the New World, and selling goods to their colonies. |
| What was the original location of the Ottoman Empire? | Asia minor. What is present day Turkey. |
| The Ottoman Empire expanded to conquer what areas? | Southwest Asia, Northern Africa, and the Balkan peninsula. |
| What was the capital city of the Ottoman Empire? | Istanbul. It used to be called Constantinople. |
| What was the religion of the Ottoman empire? | Islam. It was used as a unifying force although there was religious freedom for other people. |
| What goods did the Ottomans trade to Europe? | Coffee and ceramics |
| What was the location of the Mughal Empire? | Present day India. |
| What famous building was created by the Mughals? | The Taj Mahal. |
| Indian textiles influenced the development of a textile industry in what European country? | Great Britain. |
| What was the religion of the Mughals? | Islam. |
| What was Japans policy towards European trade? | Isolationist, they wanted nothing to do with Europeans. |
| How did the Chinese control European influence in their country? | They set up trading enclaves. These were the only places the Europeans could go to, limiting their impact on the people. |
| Who ruled Japan? | There was a powerless emperor, and a military leader called a Shogun who actually ruled. |
| What was the Commercial Revolution? | When European nations began competing for colonies and resources. |
| What economic theory says that colonies exist only to benefit the mother country? | Mercantilism. |
