| A | B |
|---|
| balance | occurs when the number and type of atoms on the reactant's and product's sides of a chemical equation are equal |
| chemical change | a change in a substance that involves the breaking and reforming of chemical bonds to make a new substance |
| chemical equation | chemical formulas and symbols that represent a chemical reaction |
| chemical reaction | the breaking of bonds to form new substances. |
| coefficient | a number placed in front of a chemical formula to make the number of atoms on each side equal |
| conservation of atom | principle that states the number of each type of atom on the reactant's side must be equal to the number of each type of atom on the product's side of a chemical equation |
| excess reactant | a reactant that is not completely used up |
| hydrochloric acid | a highly acidic substance your stomach normally produces to break down food. |
| limiting reactant | the reactant that is used up first in a chemical reaction |
| percent yield | the actual yield of product in a chemical reaction divided by the predicted yield, and multiplied by one hundred |
| physical change | change in the physical properties of a substance. |
| product | substances that are produced in a chemical reaction from reactants |
| reactant | a substance that enters into and is altered in the course of a reaction |
| addition reaction | a chemical reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new compound |
| polymerization | the production of a very large molecule by a series of synthesis reactions |
| decomposition reaction | a chemical reaction in which a single compound is broken down to produce two or more smaller compounds |
| single-displacement reaction | a reaction in which one element replaces a similar element in a compound |
| double-displacement reaction | a reaction in which ions from two compounds in a solution exchange places to produce two new compounds |
| dissolution reaction | a reaction that occurs when an ionic compound dissolves in water to make an ionic solution |
| insoluble | term used to describe a substance that does not dissolve in water. |
| combustion reaction | a reaction in which a substance combines with oxygen, releasing large amounts of energy in the form of heat and light |
| exothermic reaction | occurs when less energy is required to break the bonds in reactants that is released when bonds are formed to make new products |
| endothermic reaction | a reaction in which more energy is required to break the bonds in reactants than is released from the formation of new bonds in the products |
| precipitate | a substance formed when one of the compounds in a double-displacement reaction is insoluble. |
