| A | B |
|---|
| assistance | help or aid |
| atrocities | extremely cruel acts against humanity or animals |
| background | someone's past experiences, education, family, situation |
| childhood | period of time when someone is a child |
| commitment | promise to do something |
| commoners | ordinary people, not royalty or nobility |
| cornerstones | main support for a building or an idea |
| decisions | choises made after some consideration |
| defender | person who defends and protects others |
| demilitarization | act of removing weapons and soldiers |
| dynasty | government, rule by a particular family |
| eloquence | ability to express ideas well |
| energy | physical or mental strength |
| etiquette | good manners, the correct way of acting |
| expression | saying or showing your feelings |
| (the) Golden Rule | rule about people's fair treatment of others |
| holocaust | attempt to completely destroy a group or an idea |
| innovator | someone who starts new things |
| investment | putting effort into something for future benefit |
| lament | sad complaint |
| negotiations | discussions whose purpose is to reach an agreement |
| notions | ideas, concepts |
| obstacles | barriers |
| outlook | attitude or opinion toward something |
| perception | way someone sees or thinks about something |
| preparation | act of getting ready, setting up |
| prestige | fame, good reputation |
| principality | territory ruled by a governing figure |
| promotion | activity or supporting or helping something develop |
| repression | cruel control of a group of people |
| responsibility | duty to care for someone or something |
| role | part, involvement in a situation |
| servitude | slavery, being forced to serve someone |
| tyranny | cruel abuse of power |
| valor | great courage and bravery |
| violations | activity that is against the law |
| to atone | pay or make up for an error |
| to conduct | lead |
| to eradicate | get rid of completely, erase |
| to found | start an organization or business |
| to modernize | to make modern and up-to-date |
| to monitor | keep track of |
| to permeate | to fill and be present everywhere |
| to rear | to raise or bring up |
| to resign | to give up or quit |
| to sacrifice | to give up something valuable |
| to seize | to take control of or grab |
| to strive | to try hard or to make a great effort at something |
| to suppress | to stop something from having an influence |
| benevolent | kind and generous, wishing to do good |
| civil | relating to a particular country's people |
| compelling | strong, interesting, convincing |
| Confucian | relating to Confucious and his philosophy |
| depressed | very sad |
| diligent | hardworking, industrious, persistent, reliable |
| enduring | lasting, continuing |
| governmental | relating to the government |
| influential | able to affect people and their opinions |
| medical | relating to health and medicine |
| overwhelming | too much or too difficult to handle |
| philosophical | relating to the study of reality and existence |
| political | relating to politics and the government |
| easily | without difficulty |
| primarily | firstly, most importantly |
| take up the torch | begin working toward a goal |
