| A | B |
|---|
| apartheid | South African policy of complete legal separation of the races |
| Balfour Declaration | British statement that supported the creation of a Jewish homeland in Palestine |
| Camp David Accords | first signed agreement between Israel and an Arab country; Egypt recognized Israel as a state and Israel agreed to return the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt |
| Cold War | the state of diplomatic hostility between the US and USSR in the decades following WWII |
| containment | US foreign policy in the late 1940's in which the US tried to stop the spread of communism by creating alliances and helping weaker countries resist Soviet advances |
| Cultural Revolution | 1966-1976 uprising in China led by the Red Guards, with the goal of establishing a society of peasants and workers in which all were equal |
| demilitarization | a reduction in a country's ability to wage war, achieved by disbanding its armed forces and prohibiting it from acquiring weapons |
| democratization | the process of creating a government elected by the people |
| detente | policy of reducing Cold War tensions that was adopted by the US during the presidency of Richard Nixon |
| Ethnic cleansing | policy of murder and other acts of butality by which Serbs hoped to eliminate Bosnia's Muslim population after the break up of Yugoslavia |
| Glasnost | Soviet policy of openness to the free flow of ideas and information, introduced by Mikhail Gorbachev in 1985 |
| Great Leap Forward | the call for larger collective farms in China instituted by Mao Zedong in 1958 which failed due to poor planning, crop failure and famine |
| Marshall Plan | US Program of economic aid to European countries to help them rebuild after World War II |
| NATO | a defensive military alliance formed in 1949 by ten Western European nations, the US and Canada |
| Nuremberg Trials | court proceedings after World War II in which Nazi leaders were tried for crimes against humanity |
| Oslo Peace Accords | agreement in 1993 in which Israeli prime minister Rabin granted Palestinian self-rule in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank |
| Partition | a division into parts, like the 1947 division of the British colony of India into the two nations of India and Pakistan |
| Perestroika | a restructuring of the Soviet economy to permit more local decision making, begun by Mikhail Gorbachev in 1985 |
| PLO | Palestine Liberation Organization - an organization dedicated to the establishment of an independent state for Palestinians in the Middle East |
| SALT I | Strategic Arms Limitation Talks - a series of meetings in the 1970's, in which leaders of the US and Soviet Union agreed to limit their nations' stocks of nuclear weapons |
| Terrorism | the use of force or threats to frighten people or governments to change their policies |
| Tiananment Square | site in China in 1989 of a student uprising in support of democratic reforms |
| Truman Doctrine | US Policy in 1947 of giving economic and military aid to free nations threatened by internal or external forces |
| United Nations | UN - an international peacekeeping organization founded in 1945 to provide security to the nations of the world |
| Warsaw Pact | military alliance formed in 1955 by the Soviet Union and seven Eastern European countries |
| Zionists | People who favored a Jewish homeland in Palestine |
