| A | B |
|---|
| model | representation of objectprocess or phenomena |
| system | a part of the universe that can be studied separately |
| closed system | energy may enter but matter can neither enter or leave |
| open system | energy and matter can both move freely |
| atmosphere | gaseous envelope surrounding the Earth |
| geosphere | rocks mountains beaches all physical feature of planet except water |
| hydrosphere | all water at or near Earth’s surface |
| biosphere | all the living things on Earth |
| cycle | a sequence of events that repeats |
| water cycle | continuous circulation of water through the hydrosphere |
| evapotranspiration | cycling of water vapor into the atmosphere by evaporation and transpiration |
| transpiration | evaporation of water from plant leaves |
| carbon cycle | biogeochemical cycle involving carbonphotosynthesis/respiration |
| energy cycle | amount of energy that enters Earth’s system should equal the amount of energy that leaves |
| solar energy | energy from sun drives winds ocean current waves |
| geothermal energy | originates as heat in Earth drives volcanoes geysers earthquakes |
| tidal energy | energy from gravitational pull of sun and moon |
| 1st Law of Thermodynamicsanother | energy can neither be created or destroyed it can only be changed from one form to |
| 2nd Law of Thermodynamics | when energy changes less usable energy forms result |
