| A | B |
|---|
| magma | hot liquid rock beneath the earth's surface |
| mineral | naturally occuring substance formed in the earth |
| crystal | solid formed from a repeating pattern of atoms |
| cleavage | breaking of mineral along smooth, definite surfaces |
| inorganic | composed of material that is not and never was living |
| hardness | ability of a mineral to resist being scratched |
| gem | mineral that is rare beautiful and durable |
| streak | color of the powder left behind when a mineral is rubbed against a hard rough surface |
| fracture | breaking of a mineral along rough, jaggered surfaces |
| ore | rock deposit that contains minerals that can be mined as a profit |
| petrologist | scientist who studies rocks, and their mineral composition |
| igneous rock | rock formed by the cooling and hardening of magma |
| sediment | small pieces of rock, shells, or remains of plants and animals that have been carried along and deposited by wind, water and ice. |
| sedimentary rock | rocks fromed from sediments that have been pressed and cemented into rock |
| metamorphic rock | rock formed when sedimentary or igneous rocks are changed due to heat, pressure, or chemical reactons. |
| rock cycle | continuos changing of rock from one type to another |
| intrusive rock | igneous rock formed deep within the earth, |
| extrusive rock | igneous rock formed from lava at the earth's surface |
| compaction | process by which layers of sediments are pressed together to form sedimentary rocks. |
| cementation | process by which sediments are cemented together by minerals dissolved in water to form sedimentary rocks |
