| A | B |
|---|
| Arrhenius acid | gives up a hydrogen ion |
| Arrhenius base | accepts a hydrogen ion |
| Monoprotic acid | Can donate 1 hydrogen ion |
| Diprotic acid | Can donate 2 hydrogen ions |
| Triprotic acid | can donate 3 hydrogen ions |
| conjugate acid | forms when a base gains a hydrogen |
| conjugate base | remains after an acid donates a hydrogen |
| amphoteric | substance tha can act as an acid or a base |
| lewis acid | substance that can accept a pair of electrons |
| lewis base | substance that can donate a pair of electrons |
| self ionization | reaction in which water molecules produce ions |
| neutral solution | hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions are equal |
| Kw | The product of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions in water |
| alkaline solution | a solution in which the concentration of hydrogen ions is less than the concentration of hydroxide ions |
| acidic solution | a solution in which the concentration of hydrogen ions is greater than the concentration of hydroxide ions |
| pH | Used to measure the acidity of a solution |
| pH | Determined by the negative log of the hydrogen ion concentration |
| indicator | an acid or a base that undergoes dissociation in a known pH range |
| strong acid | completely ionizes in an aqueous solution |
| weak acid | only slightly ionized in an aqueous solution |
| Ka | A strong acid will have a large one of these |
| Kb | A strong base will have one of these |
| Neutralization | reactions when an acid reacts with a base to produce a salt and water |
| Titration | process of adding a known amount of solution of known concentration to determine the concentration of another solution |
| Equivalence point | when the # of moles of H+ = # of moles of OH- |
| Standard solution | solution of known concentration |
| End point | Point at which an indicator changes color |
| Buffer solution | in which the pH remains relatively constant when small amounts of acid or base are added |
| Buffer capacity | amount of acid or base that can be added to a buffer solution before a significant change in pH occurs. |
| Monoprotic acid | hydrochoric acid |
| Diprotic acid | sulfuric acid |
| Triprotic acid | phosphoric acid |
| Monoprotic acid | nitric acid |
| Diprotic acid | carbonic acid |
| Monoprotic acid | Hydronitric acid |
