| A | B |
|---|
| Protestant Reformation | The separation from the Catholic Church by its critics who wanted a more pure devotion to the Bible |
| Mercantilism | An economic system that forced businesses in the North American colonies to trade only with England |
| Glorious Revolution | The event that transfered most power from the king to the national legislature in England |
| Great Awakening | Religious movement in Europe and North America that attempted to bring people closer to God by emphasizing the dangers of evil and Hell. |
| Spanish Armada | Spanish navy defeated by England that made England the most powerful nation in the world |
| Navigation Acts of 1651 | British laws set up to control the commerce within the North American colonies by banning their trade with foreign countries |
| Headright system | British policy of populating the colonies by giving wealthy settlers land based on the amount of immigrants they paid to come to North America |
| Lewis and Clark | U.S. Army officers assigned by President Jefferson to map out a route to the Pacific Ocean from 1804-6 |
| Triangular Trade | Interconnected economic system that involved Europe, Africa and the New World |
| Land Ordinance of 1785 | Federal law that allowed settlers to purchase land from the federal government to raise money because the weak Articles of Confederation made it difficult to collect taxes |
| Northwest Ordinance of 1787 | Federal law that established the policy of admitting new states into the union |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | Federal law that allowed settlers to decide for themselves through popular sovereignty whether to allow slavery in the western states |
| Homestead Act | The first a several laws that granted 160 acres to Americans willing to settle vacant land out west |
| Louisiana Purchase | Thomas Jefferson's greatest achievement as president by buying a huge tract of land from France doubling the size of the U.S. |
| Chinese immigrants | Groups of people from the Asian nation of China who arrived in California to build the Transcontintal Railroad |
| Mormons | Religious separatists who traveled west and concentrated in Utah |
| Forty-niners | Males who traveled west to exploit the wealth of gold discoveries in California |
| Fifty-niners | Males who traveled west to exploit the wealth of silver discoveries in Nevada |
| Homesteaders | Americans who settled west after the Homestead Act was passed granted 160 acres of free land |
| Indentured servants | white European immigrants who were poor and in debt so deeply they could not pay their way to North America |
