| A | B |
|---|
| Seismic Waves | vibrations produced by earthquakes |
| Seismic Waves | used by Scientists to map Earth’s interior. |
| Primary waves | Seismic waves cause the greatest disturbance on a seismogram |
| P- Waves | 1st to arrive after an earthquake |
| S- Waves | 2nd to arrive after an earthquake |
| P- Waves | Compress back and forth |
| S- Waves | Shake from side to side and up and down |
| Aftershock | Additional shaking, after quake, because plate still adjusting |
| Epicenter | Area above focus on Earth's surface |
| Epicenter calculation | Difference in arrival times of P-waves & S-waves |
| Focus | Where rock breaks in lithosphere |
| Plate boundaries | Where most earthquakes are located near |
| Shield Volcano | Gently sloping mountain w / fast flowing lava |
| Cinder Cone Volcano | Very steep sides, releases cinders, ash, gas & bombs |
| Composite Volcano | Alternates between quiet & explosive eruptions |
| Pyroclastic Flow | Most dangerous type of eruption |
| Hot Spot activity | How the Hawaiian Islands were formed |
| Viscosity | A liquid’s resistance to flow |
| Honey or syrup | Items with a high viscosity |
| Water or soda | Items with low viscosity |
| Lighter | Silica causes rocks to be _____________ in color. |
| Crust, mantle, outer core & inner core | Earth's sections in order from outside in. |
| Inner core, outer core, mantle & crust | Earth's sections in order from inside out. |
| Convection | Heat transfer through movement of convection currents |
| boiling water | example of convection |
| Conduction | Heat transfer through direct contact |
| Example of Conduction | Metal spoon touching hot metal pot |
| Radiation | Heat transfer through space |
| Example of Radiation | The sun radiating heat |
| Plate Tectonics | Theory that describes plate movement (based on Continental Drift). |
| Alfred Wegner | Credited w/ the Theory Continental Drift |
| Lithosphere | Uppermost mantle & crust |
| Why was Wegner's theory rejected? | Wegner was unable to provide a reason for his theory. |
| mantle & crust | 2 sections of the earth create the lithosphere |
| mantle & outer core | 2 sections of the Earth experience convection currents |
| Asthenosphere | Soft portion of Earth beneath the lithosphere |
| Sonar | Device used by scientists to study features on the sea floor |
| Solid | Low energy; Def. shape & volume; particles move in place; tightly packed |
| Liquid | Mediun energy;No def. shape, def volume; particles slide past ; loosely packed |
| Gas | High energy;particles bounce off ; very loosely packed; |
| Rusted or Burned | A chemical change involves ANYTHING that has been |
| Plasma | Most common state of matter in the universe |
| Strike slip fault | Fault associated w/ a transform boundary |
| Fault-block mountain | Landform associated w/ a normal fault |
| Aftershock | Seismic waves that are linked to causing the most damage |
