| A | B |
| Dr. Mengele | notorious doctor who writes down the prisoner's numbers during selection |
| Elie Wiesel | 12 year old narrator |
| Tzipora | Elie's youngest sister |
| Moishe the Beadle | foreign Jewish man; spiritual guide to Elie |
| Mrs. Schachter | woman who foretold the fires at the concentration camps |
| Anonymous inmate | warns Elie and his father to change their ages and occupations upon arrival at the camp |
| Stein of Antwerp | prisoner (and relative to Elie) who asks Elie and his father about his wife and children |
| French girl | woman who encourages Elie to remain strong; years later, he runs into her on a metro in Paris |
| Idek | brutal Kapo who whips Elie |
| Franek | Polish foreman who forces Elie to give up his gold crown |
| Juliek | musician who continues playing, even in the face of death |
| Rabbi Eliahu | is deserted by his own son during a march |
| Shlomo Wiesel | Elie's father |