| A | B |
|---|
| Songhai | eventually fell to armies from north Morocco |
| Ghana | empire that controlled Africa's gold supply for over 500 years |
| Mansa Musa | king of Mali during peak of its power |
| Ghana | known as "Land of Gold" |
| Timbuktu | famous market city - final stop for crossing Sahara Desert |
| Songhai | covilization rose to take Mali's place as most powerful of Western Africa |
| gold & salt | items brought great deal of wealth to and downfall of Western Africa |
| Mali | conrolled trade of gold in their market cities/mostly with Arabs |
| Mayans | linved in southern part of Middle America as early as 1000 BC |
| Aztecs | wandering tribe that settled in modern Mexico 1200-1500's |
| Beringia | "land bridge" between Asia and North America belived to be used by first Americans |
| Mayans | built richest civilization seen in Americas(written language/understanding of stars & planets) |
| Ancient Americans | Olmec, Myan, Aztecs, Incas |
| Incas | one of largest and richest empires in America in 1400's(skilled engineers, crafts, intricate roads) |
| Aztecs | conquered many tribes until Spanish invaders reached Mexico |
| telescope | instrument invented by Galileo to confirm ideas of heliocentric (sun-centered) view |
| Michelangelo | Renaissance painter and sculpter known for large, realistic works |
| Italy | country where Renaissance started |
| realism | notable characteristics of Renaissance art |
| Leonardo da Vinci | Renaissance artist - also architect & mathematician |
| guild system | system which created associations of merchants and artisans |
| Classics | early knowledge studied by Renaissance scholars |
| Latin | language of the scholars and clergy of Renaissance/ still used today in religious ceremonies |
| Shakespeare | author of English poetic dramas in Elizabethan Age |
| The Crusades | journeys and battles undertaken by Christian Europeans between 1085 -1270 |
| eastern goods | what the Crusades created a demand for |
