| A | B |
|---|
| interphase | Major division of the cell cycle, period between cell divisions |
| G1 phase | Longest phase of interphase, normal cell growth |
| G2 phase | Last phase of interphase, cell prepares for division |
| S phase | Period of interphase, DNA is replicated |
| M Phase | Portion of the cell cycle including mitosis and cytokinesis |
| Mitosis | Division of the nucleus in somatic cells |
| Meiosis | Division of the nucleus in sex cells |
| Diploid | Two sets of chromosomes |
| Haploid | One set of chromosomes |
| Prophase | Stage of mitosis when chromosomes become visible |
| Metaphase | Chromosomes line up in the center of the cell |
| Anaphase | Chromosomes separate and move apart |
| Telophase | Chromosomes uncoil and the nuclear envelope reforms |
| Crossing-over | Process in meiosis that creates new gene combinations |
| Cytokinesis | Division of the cytoplasm |
| Chromosome | Large structure visible during division, made of DNA and protein |
| Gene | A section of DNA on a chromosome |
| Chromatid | One leg of a chromosome |
| Centromere | Connects sister chromatid |
| Homologous | Chromosomes of the same pair |
