| A | B |
|---|
| binary fission | cell division used by bacteria |
| endospore | a thick protective membrane of bacteria |
| bacilli | rod-shaped bacteria |
| cocci | spherical bacteria |
| spirilla | long, spiral-shaped bacteria |
| archaebacteria | oldest type of bacteria |
| antibiotics | medicines used to kill bacteria and other microorganisms |
| lactic-acid bacteria | digests milk sugar lactose and convert it into lactic acid |
| pathogenic bacteria | causes diseases |
| virus | microscopic particle that invades a cell and often destroys it |
| host | an organism that supports a parasite |
| spacecraft | virus that attacks only bacteria |
| virus finds host cell | first step of lytic cycle |
| virus enters the cell | second step of lytic cycle |
| virus takes over cell | third step of lytic cycle |
| new virus breaks out of cell | fourth step of lytic cycle |
| flagella | hairlike structures that help bacteria move |
| consumers | obtain nutrients from other organisms |
| prokaryote | cell without a nucleus |
| methane, heat and salt lovers | types of archaebacteria |
| nitrogen fixing bacteria | consume nitrogen in the air and change it into a useful form |
| good bacteria | cheese, yogurt and sausage |
| bad bacteria | ulcers, strep throat, leprosy |
| core | hereditary material inside the virus |
| capsid | outer part of a virus |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus - this is the virus |
| AIDS | aquired immune deficiency syndrom - this is the disease |
| 5% | the number of potentially pathogentic microbes |
| HIV, influenzia | mutate quickly and are difficult to vaccinate against |
| aerobe | requires oxygen |
| anaerobic | doesn't need oxygen |
| eubacteria | larger of the two kingdoms of bacteria |
| almost everywhere | where bacterai are found |
| prokaryotic | no nuclear membrane - bacteria |
| viruses, bacteria, protists | major groups of microbes |
| toxin | poisonous substance produced by some pathogneic bacteria |
| vaccine | made from damaged particles of a virus or bacteria |
| first line defences | skin, respiratory, digestive and circulatory system. |
| second line defenses | work against specific pathogens |
| active immunity | your body makes its won antibodies in response to an antigen |
| passive immunity | antibodies produced in another animal are intorduced into your body |
| antigen | molecule foreign to your body |
| antibody | a protein made in response to a specific antigen |
| pastuerization | process of heating a liquid to a specific temperature that kills most bacteria |
| biological vector | a disease carrying organism such as a rat, flee, tick or mosquito |
