| A | B |
|---|
| longitude | measures distnce in degress east and west of the prime meridian |
| latitude | measures distance in degrees north and south of the eqautor |
| equator | represents zero degrees latitude |
| prime meridian | represents zero degrees longitude |
| Mercator | type of map where latitude and longitude lines are straight and form a grid |
| Conic | type of map that is best for mapping large areas that have more area east to west |
| Topographic | type of map that shows changes in Earth's elevation |
| Equal-area | type of map that is good for determining distance, but distorts the shape of continents |
| abrasion | the grinding and wearing away of rock surfaces by other rock or sand particles |
| erosion | process of transporting soil from one location to another |
| weathering | the process that breaks down rocks into smaller fragments |
| deflation | when wind removes the top layer of fine sediments, leaving behind larger rock fragments |
| mass movement | movement of any material downslope |
| oxidation | the chemical reaction that causes rust to form |
| loess | very fine sediments deposited by wind |
| till | rock material of various sizes deposited by a glacier when it melts |
| parallels | Lines of latitude are also called what? |
| elevation | GPS, or Global Positioning systems can calculate a given places latitude, longitude and what? |
| index contour | The darker, heavier contour line, that is labeled with the elevation is called what? |
| relief | The difference in elevation between the highest and lowest points on a map is called what? |
| map scale | This shows the relationship between distance on a map and distance on land. |
| oxidation | What is not a cause of mechanical weathering? |
| humus | Organic material formed In soil from dead and decaying plants and animals is called what? |
| leaching | This occurs when water dissolves nutrients in topsoil and carries them through the other layers of soil. |
| horizons | The name geologists give to different layers of soil is called what? |
| lahar | This is a type of mudflow produced by volcanic eruptions or heavy rains on volcanic ash. |
