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Intro to Materials

MST: Solids, Definitions are from Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary, online at http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary. These are from Solids book, pages 1-1 through 2-16.

AB
Material Science TechnologyA course about the materials in our lives and how they can be manipulated.
Materialsrelating to, derived from, or consisting of matter
Metalsany of various opaque, fusible, ductile, and typically lustrous substances that are good conductors of electricity and heat, form cations by loss of electrons, and yield basic oxides and hydroxides
Ceramicof or relating to the manufacture of any product (as earthenware, porcelain, or brick) made essentially from a nonmetallic mineral (as clay) by firing at a high temperature,Greek keramikos, from keramos potter's clay
Polymerfrom Greek polymerEs having many parts, a chemical compound or mixture of compounds formed by polymerization and consisting essentially of repeating structural units
Compositescombining the typical or essential characteristics of individuals making up a group, a classification of solid that is composed of at least two different materials
Solidneither gaseous nor liquid
Liquidflowing freely like water
Gasa fluid (as air) that has neither independent shape nor volume but tends to expand indefinitely
Plasmaa collection of charged particles (as in the atmospheres of stars or in a metal) containing about equal numbers of positive ions and electrons and exhibiting some properties of a gas but differing from a gas in being a good conductor of electricity and in being affected by a magnetic field
Characteristica distinguishing trait, quality, or property
Scienceknowledge or such a system of knowledge concerned with the physical world and its phenomena
Technologythe practical application of knowledge especially in a particular area :
Stone Agethe first known period of prehistoric human culture characterized by the use of stone tools
Bronze Agethe period of ancient human culture characterized by the use of bronze that began between 4000 and 3000 B.C. and ended with the advent of the Iron Age
Iron Agethe period of human culture characterized by the smelting of iron and its use in industry beginning somewhat before 1000 B.C. in western Asia and Egypt
Chemistrya science that deals with the composition, structure, and properties of substances and with the transformations that they undergo
Physicsa science that deals with matter and energy and their interactions
Elementsany of more than 100 fundamental substances that consist of atoms of only one kind and that singly or in combination constitute all matter
Alloysa substance composed of two or more metals or of a metal and a nonmetal intimately united usually by being fused together and dissolving in each other when molten
Compounda distinct substance formed by chemical union of two or more ingredients in definite proportion by weight
Mixturea portion of matter consisting of two or more components in varying proportions that retain their own properties
NonmetalsA type of element that does not exhibit most of the properties of metals
Semimetala metalloid, an element located on the border between metals and nonmetals
Malleablecapable of being hammered or rolled into a sheet
Ductilecapable of being drawn into a wire
Mattermaterial substance that occupies space, has mass, and is composed predominantly of atoms consisting of protons, neutrons, and electrons, that constitutes the observable universe, and that is interconvertible with energy
Crystallinea type of solid characterized by an orderly arrangement of atomic particles
AmorphousA type of substance whose atomic-sized particles have no regular, predictable long range order


Mr. Obenchain

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