| A | B |
|---|
| the last 3 syllables of a Latin word | antepenult penult ultima |
| The accent is on the ---unless the antepenult is marked. | penult |
| Verb families | conjugations |
| Name the 4 conjugations. | first second third fourth |
| 6 attributes of a Latin verb | conjugation person number tense voice mood |
| 3 grammar persons | 1st 2nd 3rd |
| 1st person---2nd person---3rd person-- | speaks, is spoken to, is spoken about |
| 2 grammar numbers | singular plural |
| Name the 6 tenses. | present imperfect future perfect pluperfect future perfect |
| Stem vowel of 1st conjugation | a |
| 3 forms of English present tense | simple progresive emphatic |
| I praise is, I am praising is, I do praise is ---tense | simple progressive emphatic |
| In Latin imperfect means | not finished |
| Imperfect tense is used to describe --- | ongoing repeated habituaol interrupted action |
| What Engl helping verbs translate imperfect tense? | were was |
| The two basic parts of a sentence re | subject and predicate |
| The subject | who or what the sentence is about |
| The predicate | what the subject is or does |
| Sentence pattern 1 | subject + verb |
| What English helping verb translates Latin future tense? | will |
| 3 tenses in perfect system | present imperfect future perfect pluperfect future perfect |
| Present system is built on | present stem |
| What are principal parts? How many? | forms providing stems to conjugate; 4 |
| What is the 2nd principal part called? | infinitive |
| The infinitive ending for 1st conj | are |
| How do you fin d the present stem? | Drop re from infinitive |
| English infinitive is written with the particle ---before verb | to be sum linking state of being |
| The to be verb shows | existence not action s |
| English forms of to be verb | am is are was were be being been |
| regular endings for principal parts of 1st conj | o are avi atus |
| sentence pattern 2 | subject + verb + direct object |
| Something that completes the action of a verb is | complementry inf; direct obj in acc case |
| The first complement in this text | complementary infinitive |
| In Latin grammar perfect means | finished |
| The perfect tense describes what kind of action? | one time past action |
| The perfect tense is built on=--- | perfect stem |
| How do you find the perfect stem? | drop I from 3rd principal part |
| 3 translations for vocavi | I called I have called I did call |
| What English helping verbs translate the perfect tense? | has have did |
| The pluperfect tense is built on the --- | perfect stem |
| The pluperfect tense describes-- | past action completed prior to another past action |
| What English helpings verb translates the pluperfect tense? | had |
| The pluperfect tense endings are identical to -- | imperfect of sum |
| The future perf tense is built on-- | perfect stem |
| The future perf tense describes-- | futus action completed prior to another action in future |
| What English ehlping verbs translate future perf tense? | will have |
| The future perf tense endings are identical to---except--- | future of sum 3rd person plural |
| verb families | conjugations |
| noun families | declensions |
| Name the declensions | 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, |
| Give 4 attributes of nouns | declension gender number case |
| The three genders are | masc fem neuter |
| Nouns naming masc or fem persons or animals have---gender | natural |
| Nouns that name non-living things have ---gender | grammatical |
| To what does the case of a noun refer? | job of a noun in sntence |
| The cases in order | nom gen dat acc abl |
| subject case | nom |
| direct object case | acc |
| indirect object case | dat |
| possessive case | gen |
| in/by/with/from case | abl |
| to/for case | dat |
| of case | gen |
| The genitive sing of a 1st decl noun always ends in | ae |
| 1st decl nouns are usually what gender> | fem |
| 3 exceptions to 1st feminine rule are | poeta nauta agricola |
| Latin does not have the English articles | a an the |
| 3 translations for mensa | table a table the table |
| Genitive singular of 2nd declension nouns always ends in | i |
| 2nd decl us nouns are this gender | masc fem neuter |
| 2 subgroups of 2nd declension and gender | us are masc um are neuter |
| Verbs have---- and nouns have--- | tense personal endings; case endings |
| 2nd decl um nouns are this gender | neuter |
| The decl a noun belongs to is determined by the | gen sing |
| What is the neuter rule | nom and acc are the same; nom and acc pl is -a |
| The natural gender rule --all other gender rules | trumps |
| The subject and verb must agree in -- | person and number |
| What is an adjective? | modifies or describes noun or pronoun |
| In Latin an adjective must agree with its noun in---but not-- | gender number case declension |
| Usually an adj of --precedes a noun and an adj of--follows | quantity quality |
| Counting numbers are called | cardinal |
| Numbers which indicate the order of things in a series | ordinal |
| Sentence pattern 3 | subj + linking vb+ pa |
| Sentence pattern 4 | subj + linking vb + pn |
| Tenses of the perfect system---built on----stem | perfect pluperfect future perfect, perfect stem |
| gen s of 3rd dec noun | is |
| How can you know the gender of a 3rd declension noun? | Memorize it. |
| Masc and fem nouns of 3rd decl have---case endings | same |
| How do you find the stem of a noun? | drop gen sing ending |
| Usual word order for Eng sentence | subj-verb-direct object |
| How many of 7 basic sentence patterns have complements? | six |
| 3 complements | direct object, pred adj, pred nomiative |
| 2 kinds of direct objects | complementry inf; direct obj in acc case |
| Usual word order for a Latin sentence | subject direct obj verb |
| What kind of verb is never followed by a direct object? | to be sum linking state of being |
| The gen s of the 4th decl always ends in | us (long) |
| Fourth decl nouns are what gender? Exceptions? | masc domus manus |
| 5th decl gen s ending | ei |
| Most 5th decl nouns are what gender? Exception? | feminine dies |
| Stem vowel of 2nd decl is | e (long) |
| Infinitive ending for 2nd conj is | ere (long) |
| Regular endings for principal parts of 2nd conj | eo ere(long) ui itus |
| imperfect tense sign | ba |
| 2 types of adjectives | 1st/2nd and 3rd |
| Third decl adject are related to -- | i-stem nouns |
| 2 ways to show possession in English. | of and 's |
| Possessive case in Latin | genitive |
| 3rd decl nouns having gen pl ending -ium are--- | i-stems |
| i-stem indicators | same number of syllables in nom & gen; stem in 2 consonants |
| Give the 3 nom sing endings for 2nd decl masc nouns. | us er ir |
| 2nd decl er nouns ---or---the e in the stem. | drop or retain |
| A plural only noun is | liberi liberorum |
| 4 confusing words using liber | liberi orum (children) liber libri (book) liber a um (free) libero are (to free) |
| What kind of verbs have indirect o bjects? | giving and telling |
| 2 ways to show indirect objects in English | preposition to; indirect before direct |
| Case of indirect objects | dative |
| sentence pattern 5 | subject + io + do + verb |
| 4 complements | pred adj pred nom direct obj indirect obj |
| civis civis m/f | citizen |
| hostis hostis m/f | enemy |
| navis navis f | ship |
| collis collis m | hill |
| pons pontis m | bridge |
| mons montis m | mountain' |
| pars partis f | part |
| urbs urbis f | city |
| gens gentis f | tribe |
| mare maris n | sea |
| nomen nominis n | name |
| flumen fluminis n | river |
| lumen luminis n | light |
| caput capitis n | head |
| cor cordis n | heart |
| adventus us m | arrival |
| domus us f | house home |
| exercitus us m | army |
| fructus us m | fruit |
| manus us f | hand |
| metus us m | fear |
| portus us m | harbor |
| lacus us m | lake |
| senatus us m | senate |
| spiritus us m | spirit |
| res rei f | think |
| dies diei m | day |
| facies faciei f | face |
| fides fidei f | faith |
| spes spei f | hope |
| debeo ere | to owe ought |
| doceo ere docui doctus | to teach |
| gaudeo gaudere -- -- | to rejoice |
| habeo ere | to have |
| moneo ere | to warn |
| moveo ere movi motus | to move |
| taceo ere | to be silent |
| teneo tenere tenui tentus | to holf |
| sedeo sedere sedi sessus | to sit |
| video videre vidi visus | to see |
| jubeo jubere jussi jussus | to order |
| caveo cavere cavi cautus | to beware |
| prohibeo ere | to prevent |
| appareo ere | to appear |
| valeo ere ui -- | to be strong |
| respondeo ere respondi responsus | to respond |
| maneo ere mansi mansus | to remain |
| ardeo ere arsi arsus | to burn |
| terreo ere | to frighten |
| timeo ere timui -- | to fear |
| 2 ways to show possession in English. | of and 's |
| Possessive case in Latin | genitive |
| 3rd decl nouns having gen pl ending -ium are--- | i-stems |
| i-stem indicators | same number of syllables in nom & gen; stem in 2 consonants |
| exercitus us m | army |
| fructus us m | fruit |
| manus us f | hand |
| metus us m | fear |
| portus us m | harbor |
| lacus us m | lake |
| senatus us m | senate |
| spiritus us m | spirit |
| res rei f | think |
| dies diei m | day |
| facies faciei f | face |
| fides fidei f | faith |
| spes spei f | hope |
| debeo ere | to owe ought |
| doceo ere docui doctus | to teach |
| gaudeo gaudere -- -- | to rejoice |
| habeo ere | to have |
| moneo ere | to warn |
| moveo ere movi motus | to move |
| taceo ere | to be silent |
| teneo tenere tenui tentus | to holf |
| sedeo sedere sedi sessus | to sit |
| video videre vidi visus | to see |
| jubeo jubere jussi jussus | to order |
| caveo cavere cavi cautus | to beware |
| prohibeo ere | to prevent |
| appareo ere | to appear |
| valeo ere ui -- | to be strong |
| respondeo ere respondi responsus | to respond |
| maneo ere mansi mansus | to remain |
| ardeo ere arsi arsus | to burn |
| terreo ere | to frighten |
| timeo ere timui -- | to fear |
| vir viri m | man |
| puer pueri m | boy, child |
| vesper vesperi m | evening |
| ager agri m | field ground |
| culter cultri m | knife |
| liber libri m | book |
| magister magistri m | m teacher |
| magistra ae f | f teacher |
| liberi liberorum m | children |
| dexter tra trum | right right-hand |
| sinister tra trum | left left-hand |
| integer gra grum | whole uninjured |
| pulcher chra chrum | beautiful |
| sacer cra crum | sacred |
| aeger gra grum | sick ill |
| piger gra grum | lazy |
| asper aspera asperum | rough harsh |
| miser misera miserum | wretched |
| liber libera liberum | free |
| civis civis m/f | citizen |
| hostis hostis m/f | enemy |
| navis navis f | ship |
| collis collis m | hill |
| pons pontis m | bridge |
| mons mntis m | mountain |
| pars partis f | part region |
| urbs urbis f | city |
| gens gentis f | tribe |
| mare maris n | sea |
| brevis breve | short brief |
| facilis facile | easy |
| difficilis difficile | difficult |
| fortis forte | strong brave |
| gravis grave | heavy serious severe |
| omnis omne | each every all |
| turpis turpe | shameful disgraceful |
| dulcis dulce | sweet pleasant |
| fidelis fidele | faithful |
