| A | B |
|---|
| cell | the basic unit of structure and function in living things |
| cell wall | a rigid layer that surrounds the cells of plants |
| cell membrane | a barrier that controls which substances go in and out of cells |
| nucleus | the control center of a cell |
| organelle | tiny structures within cells that carry out specific functions |
| ribosome | an organelle that produces protein |
| cytoplasm | the fluid inside a cell |
| mitochondria | the powerhouse of a cell |
| endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | an organelle that enables ribosomes to make protein |
| golgi apparatus | an organelle that packages and distributes proteins |
| vacuole | an organelle used for storage of salts, water, wastes, etc. |
| chloroplast | an organelle that captures energy from the sun to make food |
| lysosome | an organelle that breaks down and recycles particles |
| carbohydrate | energy-rich compounds made of sugars and starches |
| lipids | fats, oils and waxes |
| protein | molecules used by the cell for structure, signaling and enzymatic activity |
| nucleic acid | RNA and DNA |
| passive transport | movement of materials across a cell membrane WITHOUT using energy |
| active transport | movement of materials across a cell membrane USING energy |
| osmosis | the movement of water across a cell membrane |
