| A | B |
|---|
| phonemic awareness | the ability to hear and manipulate sounds in words |
| examples of activities for phonemic awareness | blending & segmentation of words |
| phonemes | these are the smallest units of sound |
| phonological awareness | is the ability to manipuate larger units of sounds, such as onsets and rimes |
| onsets | this is the part of the word before the vowel |
| rime | this is the part of the word that included all the letters after the vowel plus the vowel |
| grapheme | a letter or combination of letters that represents a phoneme |
| breve | the symbol placed over the vowel that shows the vowel has a short sound |
| closed syllable | this is a syllable has a short sounding vowel |
| cluster | sounds of two or more letters that are blended together without losing their own |
| Concept of Word is not achieved until the ____ part of the letter name alphabertic stage | middle |
| when children are sorting a variety of short vowel words, they are in the ___ part of the letter name alphabetic stage | late |
| word study or orthographic structure analysis has ___ layers | three |
| this is the first layer of orthographic/spelling where children learn the letters and the sounds | alphabetic |
| when a student is studying CVC words, they are learing about | words that have the short vowel sound |
| this level is determined by what students use but CONFUSE | instructional |
| Train, float and street begins with | consonant blends |
| Knee, wrap and chick begins with | consonant digraphs |
| Students can spell initial and final consonants during the _____ of the letter name alphabetic stage | middle |
| city and giraffe are examples of words that have a ___ sound because the c & g are followed by e, i or y. | soft |
| hard | Cat and Cut have ___ sounds because c & g are followed by an a, o or u |
| oral language development | this is a must for students to gain phonological and phonemic awareness |
| alphabetic principle | concept that letters and letter combinations are used to represent phonemes |
| alliteration | also known as tongue twisters; words with initial sounds of words |
| choral reading | reading whole class a familiar book |
| echo reading | done with an unfamiliar book; teacher reads one sentence and then the students read the same sentence |
| if a student has gained book sense | the student has gained directionality |
| diphthong | two vowel together that change their sounds into a sounds that has a sliding sound |
| orthography | knowledge of spelling; how letters are grouped to form words |
