| A | B |
|---|
| Cicero | Roman statesman, orator, and writer of the first century BCE. |
| Novus homo | "new man," someone who is the first person from his family to enter politics. |
| Arpinum | A suburb of Rome, where Cicero and Marius were born. |
| Senates consultum ultimum | A senate decree that gave the consul power to quell a crisis without any red tape. |
| Catiline | A Roman patrician who lost his bid for the consulship to Cicero and was rumored to be planning a coup. |
| Patrician | Upper class, someone from one of the old ruling families of Rome |
| Plebeian | Lower to middle class, newcomers to Rome whose families are not in the old ruling class. |
| Optimates | Politicians who supported the old fashioned style of government which left most of the peer in the hands of the senate |
| Populares | Politicians who supported governmental changes that spread the power out more |
| Asiatic rhetoric | A style of speaking that relied on appeals to emotion, lots of flowery expression |
| Attic rhetoric | A style of speaking that relied on appeals to facts and logic |
| Apollonius Molo | Teacher of rhetoric who combined attic and Asiatic styles, Cicero's teacher. |
| Rhodes | The Greek island where Molo lived |
| Pro Roscio | Cicero's first legal case, it brought him into conflict with Sulla, but he still won |
| Hortensius | The lawyer against whom Cicero often argued. He used the Asiatic style. |
| Sulla | The dictator in Rome early in Cicero's career. After winning two high-profile cases that put him in conflict with Sulla, Cicero left Rome until Sulla passed away. |
| Atticus Pomponius | Greek who befriended Cicero, they wrote many letters to one another that were later published. |
| In Catilinam | Cicero's speeches against Catiline |
| Gaius Manlius | Man from Northern Italy who was putting together an army to attack Rome. Catiline joined it after he fled Rome. |
| Fulvia | Roman woman who forced her boyfriend to talk to Cicero after she overheard him talking about Catiline's plot. |
| Allobroges | Gallic tribe that Catiline tried to recruit, but they told Cicero. |
| Caesar | Roman statesman who spoke out against Cicero's plan to put the conspirators to death. |
| Terentia | Cicero's wife, she was wealthy |
| Clods Pulcher | Tribune of the plebeians who made a law to exile anyone who had put a Roman citizen to death without a trial. |
| Exordium | The introductory section of a speech |
| First triumvirate | Secret alliance between Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus. |
| Phillipics | Cicero's speeches against Marc Antony |
| Second triumvirate | Alliance of power between Octavian, MA, and Lepidus. In order to seal the deal, Octavian agreed to allow MA to have Cicero killed |
