| A | B |
|---|
| Justinian | expanded Rome's written laws |
| Pericles | ruler during Greece's "golden age" |
| Cleisthene's | reformed class citizenship laws |
| Solon | increased number of paid public officials |
| republic | citizens elect representatives |
| government | system for exercising authority |
| Judaism | religion of Hebrews |
| monotheism | belief in one god |
| Torah | first five books Hebrew Bible |
| Abraham | father of the Hebrews |
| Reformation | movement that split Catholic Church |
| Renaissance | period of renewed interst in non-Church matters |
| Enlightenment | age of reason |
| protestants | opposed the power of the Church |
| Magna Carta | the great charter |
| Parliament | England's legislative body |
| Divine right | power to rule granted by God |
| Henry II | established jury trials |
| Restoration | period during which monarchy was reinstated in England |
| common law | English legal system based on precedent |
| Glorious Revolution | ousting of King James II and replacing him with Mary and William |
| Oliver Cromwell | leader of antiroyalists |
| John Locke | believer of natural rights |
| Thomas Hobbes | proponent of absolute monarchy |
| Montesquieu | advocate of separation of powers |
| Voltaire | advocate of tolerance and freedom of religion |
| National Assembly | legislative body of French commoners |
| Estates General | legislative body of French clergy, nobles, and commoners |
| Napoleon Bonaparte | French dictator |
| federal system | separation of powers between states and national government |
