| A | B |
|---|
| What are the purposes of Government as stated in the Preamble to the Constitution (6)? | -To pormote a more perfect union - To promote the general welfare - To establish Justice - To ensure domestic tranquility - To secure the blessing of liberty for ourselves and our posterity - To provide for the common defense |
| What was America's first plan of Government? | Articles of Confederation |
| What is a Confederation? | A loose association of states |
| What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation (5)? | -Little power for Federal Government - Only one branch, no checks and balances - No chief executive (President) - No judicial system - Had to ask states for money and soldiers |
| What is Federalism? | A system of government in which power is divided betweenf state and National governments |
| List the Powers of the National Government (a.k.a. delegated powers-8) | -Declare War - Maintain an army - Regulate interstate and foreign trade- Admit new states - Establish post offices - Set the standard weights and measures - Coin money - Establish foreign policy |
| List the powers of State Government (6) | -Establish and maintain schools - Establish local Governments - Regulate businesses within the state - make marriage laws - provide for the public safety - all powers not given to the federal government nor prohibited to the states |
| What is the Elastic Cause? | "Make all laws necessary and proper for carrying out delegated powers" (Federal Government) |
| List Shared/Concurrent Powers (6) | - Tax - Maintain Law and Order - Borrow Money - Charter banks - Establish Courts - Provide for the common welfare |
| What is an Aristocracy? | A government in which a few people rule (Monarch) |
| What is an Autocracy? | One person has unlimited power (Dictator) |
| What is a Democracy? | People vote directly or elect people to vote for them |
| What is the minimum age at which one may assume the Presidency? | 35 |
| What is the minimum age for the senate? | 30 |
| What is the minimum age for the House of Representatives? | 25 |
| What branch of Government makes the laws? | Legislative |
| What branch of Government sees that the laws are carried out? | Executive |
| What branch of Government determines if a law is Constitutional or not? | Judicial |
| Only what kind of citizen may be President? | Natural born |
| What term does a senator serve? | 6 years |
| What term does a representative serve? | 2 years |
| Congressional house where representation for each state is based on its population | House of Representatives |
| Congressional house where representation is always the same for each state | Senate |
| What is the term of office for a Supreme Court or Federaljudge? | Life |
| What is the title given to the head of the Supreme Court? | Chief Justice |
| Who appoints the Supreme Court justices? | The President |
| Who must approve the Supreme Court appointments of the President? | Congress |
| What type of court hears cases involving decisions of the lower courts? | Appellate court |
| To agree with the decision of the lower court | Uphold |
| To throw out and disagree with the decision of the lower court | Overturn |
| to ask for a review of the decision of the lower court | Appeal |
| the power of courts to review laws passed by Congress and to make decisions as to whether or not they are Constitutional | Judicial Review |
| The Supreme Court case in which the practice of Judicial Review was established | Marbury vs Madison (President Adams created and filled several positions for judges, President Jefferson refused to fill the appointments that had not been sent out. Jefferson wins) |
| What law made it illegal to criticize the Government? | Alien and Sedition Acts |
| What tern refers to charging the President with a crime? | Impeachment |
| What case gave the Federal Government the right to establish a National Bank? | McCullough vs Maryland |
| In what case did a slave sue for his own freedom on the grounds that he had traveled to a free state? | Dred Scott (The court ruled that slaves did not have rights) |
| When President Nixon resigned office rather than being impeached for authorizing the wiretapping of the Democratic Headquarters | Watergate |
| Fees charged on a product, income or service | Tax |
| Type of tax, on income | Direct Tax |
| Type of tax, on the price of a good/service | Indirect tax |
| Specific tax for a certain product | Excise/Sin tax |
| Type of tax, on sale of a good/service | Sales Tax |
| Type of tax, on income or a corporation's net profit | Income Tax |
| Type of tax where the more you make, the more you pay | Progressive Tax |
| Tax paid to vote | Poll Tax |
| Tax on the value of property | Property Tax |
| Type of Tax, paid on the removal of non-renewable resources from the ground | Severance Tax |
| A tax on imported goods | Tariff |
| Tax placed in imported goods in order to protect companies from foreign competition | Protective Tariff |
| Plan which called for equal representation for the states in the Constitution | Small State Plan/New Jersey Plan |
| Plan which called for representation according to a state's population | Large States/ Virginia Plan |
| This Compromise allowed slaves to be partially counted for the purpose of taxation and representation | Three-Fifths Compromise (3/5ths) |
| This Compromise called fro a two-house congress. One house based on representation and one based on population | The Great Compromise |
| the 5 steps for a Bill to become a law | - Bill is read on the floor - Bill is sent to Committee - Bill is voted on - Bill is sent to the other house to follow the same process - Bill is sent to the President |
| What three things can happen to a Bill in Committee? | -Passed with no changes - Passed with changes - Dies or is tabled there |
| Who can write a Bill? | Anyone |
| Who can introduce a Bill to Congress? | Only a congressman |
| When the President rejects a Bill | Veto |
| A person who supported the Constitution's ratification | Federalist |
| A person who did not support the Contitution's ratification | Antifederalist |
| The first ten amendments to the Constitution | Bill of Rights |
| Which leader was against tariffs but for farmers, rule by the people and a weak central Government | Thomas Jefferson |
| An aristocratic of Government in which a King or Queen has absolute power | Absolute Monarchy |
| System in which one branch of Government can check the power of another branch | System of Checks and Balances |
| A system in whihc power is separated amongst different branches of the Government | Separation of Powers |
| Another name for a representative democracy | Republic |
| An autocratic form of Government in which one person has total power | Totalitarian Dictatorship |
| Congress can override a Presidential veto with | 2/3rds vote of both houses of Congress |
| Name given to The President as head of the Executive Branch | Chief Executive |
| A rebellion which broke out in Massachusetts because taxes were raised. It showed the need for a stronger Central/Federal government | Shay's Rebellion |
| The idea that people should rule "People are King" | Popular Sovereignty |
| The right of a person to have certain procedures followed when charged with a crime | Due Process |
| What phrase is used to illustrate the idea that people give Governments the right to rule them | Consent of the Governed |
| According to Jefferson, what are the rights that cannot be taken away such as life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness | Natural/ Unalienable Rights |
| What document, signed by the Pilgrims, called for fair laws for all? | Mayflower compact |
| What phrase means that people should rule themselves | Self-Government |
| Papers written in support of the ratification of the Constitution | Federalist Papers |
