| A | B |
|---|
| mitosis | process of cell division in which each daughter cell has the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell |
| meiosis | process of cell division in which the daughter cells have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell |
| interphase | stage of the cell cycle in which the cell grows and DNA is duplicated |
| prophase | stage of cell division in which the chromosomes condense and the nuclear membrane disintegrates |
| metaphase | stage of cell division in which the chromosomes line up at the middle of the equatorial plane |
| anaphase | stage of cell division in which the sister chromatids move to opposite poles |
| telophase | stage of cell division in which the nuclear membranes reform around the chromosomes and the two daughter cells are formed |
| somatic cells | all the cells of an animal body except for the ovaries or testes |
| gonads | the ovaries or testes of an animal |
| homologous chromosomes | a pair of chromosomes (one from each parent) with genes for the same traits |
| sister chromatids | genetically identical chromosomal units that are the result of DNA replication and are attached to each other at the centromere |
| centromere | a protein that connects sister chromatids |
| centriole | cell organelle involved in spindle formation in animal cells |
| diploid | cell condition in which two of each type of chromosome are present |
| haploid | cell condition in which only one of each type of chromosome is present |
| egg | reproductive cell in female animals |
| polar bodies | non-functionsl "cells" produced during oogenesis |
| oogenesis | formation of eggs |
| spermatogenesis | formation of sperm |
| spore | reproductive cell in plants and fungi |
