| A | B |
|---|
| phonemes | what native speakers hear as distinctive sound of a language, a sound different from all other sounds in the language. |
| allophones | subtle variants in sounds ("p" in puck as opposed to "p" in cup) |
| phonolgy | is the study of the sound system of any given language: the organization of a language sound and their relationships to one another. |
| fricatives | occur when the pasive and active articulators are brought very close together and crete friction as the air pases through the mouth (ie-f,v,th,s,z,sh) |
| affricate | are consonants that begin as stops (most often an alveolar, such as [t] or [d]) but release as a fricative (such as [s] or [z] or occasionally into a fricative trill) rather than directly into the following vowel. English has two affricates, spelled ch and j. |
| dipthong | begin at the point of articulation of one vowel and end at the point of articulation of another. |
| deletion | is a process through which sounds come to be omitted from words |
| Insertion | axe vs. asks..sounds are added to words |
| metathesis | describes the process of sounds revising their order. |
