| A | B |
|---|
| Fluid-Mosaic Model | Name for the recognized structure of the plasma membrane |
| Phospholipid | Two long lipid chains attached to a phosphate molecule |
| Hydrophilic | Water-loving, or polar |
| Hydrophobic | Water-repelling, or nonpolar |
| Bilayer | Two layers |
| Cholesterol | Steroid, used to stabilize the membrane |
| Glycolipid | Carbohydrate used for cell recognition and immunity |
| Glycoprotein | Protein embedded in the cell membrane |
| Semi-permeable | Only certain substances may pass through a membrane |
| Channel Protein | Protein with a central tube that allows substances to pass through |
| Carrier Protein | Moves particles across the membrane against the concentration gradient |
| Cell Recognition Protein | Looks for and ID’s foreign substances |
| Receptor Protein | Bonding with molecules triggers messages within the cell |
| Enzymatic Protein | Bonding with molecules triggers a reaction outside of the cell |
| Diffusion | The movement of particles across or through the membrane |
| Concentration Gradient | Movement from high concentrations to low concentrations |
| Passive Transport | Movement that requires little energy or control by the cell |
| Active Transport | Movement that requires energy and control by the cell |
| Osmosis | Movement of water toward high solute concentrations |
| Solute | The solid particle dissolved within a liquid |
| Solvent | The substance that contains dissolved particles |
| Isotonic | Same concentration of particles on both sides of a membrane |
| Hypertonic | A solution where the solute concentration is higher outside the cell |
| Hypotonic | A solution where the solute concentration is higher inside the cell |
| Exocytosis | Process of expelling particles from the cell |
| Endocytosis | Process of particles entering the cell |
| Vesicle | Small container of phospholipids |
| Phagocytosis | Process of a lysosome digesting particles or foreign substances |
| Adhesion Junctions | Cytoskeleton binding two cells together |
| Tight Junctions | Proteins attaching two cells together |
| Gap Junctions | Channel protein that allows substances to pass through cells |
| Plasmodesmata | Channels that pass through cell walls of plant cells |
