| A | B |
| Consequence based reasoning | Telling the truth usually leads to good consequences |
| Pleasure | An alternative goal to the good |
| Moral rights | Rightful claims on other people that flow from their status as a human being |
| Authority and Human Reasoning | Two standards for judging under fundamental ethical rules |
| Describe alternative actions | The fist step in consequence based reasoning |
| Forecast consequences | The second step of consequence-based reasoning |
| Rule-based ethics | Telling a lie is always wrong |
| Worth | Reasoning and authority conclude that all humans have this |
| Universalizing | Imagining everyone in the world committing an action |
| The Good | Philosophers' standard for judging right and wrong |