| A | B |
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| Cell | The Smallest functional and structural unit of all living oranisms |
| Organism | Any living things. These are made up of cells. Some only have one cell, but some have trillions. |
| Chemical Equation of Photosynthesis | 6CO2+6H2O+Light Energy->C6H12O6+6O2 |
| Chemical equation for Cellular respiration | C6H12O6+6O2->6CO2+6H2O+Chemical Energy(ATP) |
| Cell Membrane | A protective layer that covers a cells surface and acts as a barrier between the inside of the cell and the cells environment. It controls what goes in and out of the cell |
| Cytoplasm | The region enclosed by the cell membrane that includes the fluid and all of the organelles of the cells |
| Organelle | A small body in a cells cytoplasm that is specialized to perform a specific function |
| Nucleus | This contains DNA, it gives instructions to the cell, and is a membrane bound organelle |
| Nucleolus | This is located in the nucleus and contains RNA and proteins. This is involved in the production of ribosomes |
| Prokaryote | A single cell organism that does not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelle.Its DNA is located in the cytoplasm. |
| Eukaryote | An organism made up of cells that contain their DNA in a nucleus. These are mulit-cellular and contain membrane-bound organelles. |
| Atom | Matter that is made up of living and non-living things. These contain basic particles and are not all the same. |
| Molecule | Groups of atoms that are held together by chemical bonds |
| Lipid | A fat molecule or a molecule that has similar properties. These do not mix with water and have many jobs in cells, such as storing energy. |
| Protein | A molecule made up of smaller molecules called amino acids. When you eat foods, that is high in this,these are broken down into amino acids. These are used to make new proteins. Proteins build and repair body structures |
| Carbohydrate | A molecule that includes sugars, starches, and fiber. Cells use these as a source of energy and energy storage. Cells break down carbohydrates to release the energy stored in them. |
| Nucleic Acid | A molecule that carries information in cells. These are made up of smaller molecules called nucleotides |
| Phospholipids | Cells surrounded by a cell Hese contain lipids. |
| Deoxynibonucleic Acid | This is the full name for DNA and it can be found in the nucleus or cytoplasm of some cells. It is a genetic material that provides instructions for all cell processes. |
| Cytoskeleton | This is in the cytoplasm of eurakyotic cells and it gives shape and support to the cell. This is also involved in cell division and may help the parts inside the cell to move |
| Mitochondria | Cellular respiration happens here and that is when the cell gets energy by breaking down food. They use the oxygen to release energy stored in food. |
| Ribosomes | This makes proteins by putting together chains of amino acids. These are the smallest organelles and are not enclosed by a membrane |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | This assists in the production, processing and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids. This can be rough or smooth. The rough one contains ribosomes which make most of the cells proteins. The smooth one breaks down toxic materials that could damage the cell and makes lipids. |
| Golgi Complex/body | This is a system of flattened membrane sacs that packages and distributes materials |
| Cell Wall | This is only in plant cells and it surrounds the cell membrane. It provides support and protection to the cell and gets it shape from this. |
| Vacuole | A fluid filled vesicle that can contain enzymes, nutrients, water or wastes |
| Chloroplast | This is only in plant cells and photosynthesis takes place here. It is green because it contains chlorophyll. This has two outer membranes. |
| Lysosome | This produces enzymes that digest wastes, cell parts and foreign invaders |
| Centriole | A small organell that divides during mitosis |
| Organ | A structure made up of a collection of tissues that carries out a special function |
| Tissue | A group of similar cells that perform a common function. Plants tissues can move water and nutrients through the plant. It can protect the outside of the plant, and it can provide internal support, storage and it can absorb light energy to make food in photosynthesis |
| Organ System | A group of organs that work together to perform body functions |
| Structure | The arrangement of parts in an organism or an object |
| Function | The activity of each part in an organism |
| Homeastasis | The maintenance of a constant intenal state in a changing environment. you have to maintain homeastasis so your cells will be able to obtain and use energy, make new cells, exchange materials, and eliminate waste. |
| Photosynthesis | Where plants, algea, and some bacteria make their own food. this takes place in a special organelle called chloroplasta |
| Cellular Respiration | Most Organisms use this to get energy from food |
| Mitosis | This is when the nucleus splits into two identical nuclei after that, the rest of the cell divides, resulting in two identical cells. Both cells have the same genetic material |
| Active Transport | The movement of particles that requires the cell to use energy |
| Diffusion | The movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration. |
| Osmosis | The diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane |
| Endocytosis | when a cell uses energy to bring a particle into it |
| Exocytosis | When a cell releases particles from it |
| Chlorophyll | A green pigment that captures energy from sunlight |
