| A | B |
|---|
| genetics | The science of heredity and variation |
| diploid | paired chromosomes in body cells |
| heritability | the portion of observed variation in a particular trait that can be inherited due to genetic factors, in contrast to environmental factors |
| meiosis | reduces the number of chromosomes by half |
| phenotype | the actual physical characteristic of an organism. |
| heredity | the process which brings about the similarities and differences between parents and offspring |
| gametes | male or female reproductive cells called sperm or ovum |
| nucleus | essential to cell functions and contains nuclear sap |
| mitosis | the division of the nucleus of the somatic cell and results in two identical daughter nuclei |
| allele | one of a pair of genes that occupy the same location on homologous chromosomes |
| genes | the smallest unit of inheritance which are a portion of a DNA molecule and occur in pairs on chromosomes in the nucleus of every cell |
| chromatin | contained in the nucleus |
| oogenesis | The formation, development, and maturation of an ovum |
| base pairing | the hydrogen bonding that occurs between complementary nitrogenous bases in the two polynucleotide chains of a DNA molecule |
| cytoplasm | a complex solution of organic and inorganic components outside the cell nucleus |
| haploid | the number of chromosomes in sex cells |
| homologous | having the same morphology and linear sequence of gene loci as another chromosome |
| spermatogenesis | Formation and development of spermatozoa by meiosis and spermiogenesis |
| genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism |
