| A | B |
|---|
| binocular depth cues | depth cues that are created by retinal disparity---that is, the space between our eyes, and thus require the coordination of both eyes |
| cones | visual neurons that are specialised in detecting fine detail and colours |
| depth perception | the ability to perceive three-dimensional space and to accurately judge distance |
| monocular depth cues | depth cues that help us perceive depth using only one eye |
| rods | visual neurons that specialise in detecting black, whites, and grey colours |
| visual accommodation | the process of changing the curvature of the lens to keep the light entering the eye focused on the retina |
| Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic Colour Theory | the theory of colour perception that proposes that what colour we see depends on the mix of the signals from the three types of cones |
| beta effect | the perception of motion that occurs when different images are presented next to each other in succession |
| colour blindness | the inability to detect either green and/or red colours |
| convergence | the inward turning of our eyes that is required to focus on objects that are less than about 50 feet away from us |
| cornea | a clear covering that protects the eye and begins to focus on the incoming light |
| depth cues | messages from our bodies and the external environment that supply us with information about space and distance |
| feature detector neurons | specialised neurons, located in the visual cortex, that respond to the strength angles, shapes, edges, and movements of a visual stimulus |
| fovea | the central point of the retina |
| gestalt | a meaningful organised whole |
| hue | colour conveyed by the wavelength of the light that enters the eye |
| iris | the coloured part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil by constricting or dilating in response to light intensity |
| lens | a structure that focuses the incoming light on the retina |
| opponent-process colour theory | the theory of colour perception that proposes that we analyse sensory information in three sets of "opponent colours" |
| optic nerve | a collection of millions of ganglion neurons that sends vast amounts of visual information, via the thalamus, to the brain |
| phi phenomenon | the perception of motion caused by the appearance and disappearance of objects that are near other |
| pupil | the small opening in the center of the eye that allows light to enter |
| retina | the layer of tissue at the back of the eye that contains photoreceptor cells |
| visual cliff | a mechanism that gives the perception of a dangerous drop-off, in which infants can be safely tested for their perception of depth |
| wavelength | the distance between one wave peak and the next wave peak |
| vestibular system | a set of liquid-filled areas in the inner ear that monitors the head's position and movement, maintaining the body's balance |
