| A | B |
|---|
| Sadducees | one of two groups that saw the teachings of Jesus as a threat to their power |
| tolerant | how Romans felt about most other religions |
| persecution | Romans began to do this to Christians after they refused to worship the Roman emperor and state gods |
| martyrs | Christians who were persecuted and killed for their faith |
| republic | form of government with a leader (not a monarch), not everyone gets to vote |
| oligarchy | when the wealthiest people control the government |
| Senate | most powerful branch of the Roman Republic |
| Struggle of the Orders | 250-year "discussion" by the plebeians for more rights |
| Law of Nations | applied to non-Roman citizens |
| Roman citizenship | one way Romans kept the people they conquered from rebelling |
| Gracchus brothers | Tribunes killed for trying to help the poor |
| Caesar | killed by Senate for gaining too much power |
| Octavian Augustus | claimed he was returning Rome to a republic but not in reality |
| Caligula | one of two terrible emperors of Rome |
| Pax Romana | Roman peace |
| Latifundias | large, landed estates with slave labor |
| slavery | kept many plebeians unemployed |
| paterfamilias | male head of a patrician family |
| Greeks | the people whose culture Rome copied |
| Peter | first apostle of Christ, focused his ministry on converting Jews |
