| A | B |
|---|
| Mitosis | division of the nucleus (usually accompanied by cytokinesis) |
| Cytokinesis | division of the cytoplasm |
| G1 phase | longest stage in cell cycle; where the cell grows and functions |
| S phase | when the DNA replicates (makes copies) in preparation for mitosis |
| G2 phase | shorter than G1; the cell produces all of the proteins needed for mitosis and cytokinesis |
| M phase | the part of the cell cycle when the nucleus and usually the cytoplasm divide |
| Chromatin | DNA in a relaxed (less condensed) form |
| Chromosome | DNA in a tightly wound (condensed) form |
| Centrioles | help to organize mitosis in animal like cells |
| Centromere | Section of the chromosome where the spindle fibers attach |
| Spindle fibers | connect from the centromere to the centrioles in animal cells, contract to separate chromosomes and move them to opposite poles |
| The number of chromosomes in a cell is equal to: | the number of centromeres |
| Diploid | a cell that contains 2 sets of chromosomes (2 of each kind of chromosome) |
| Haploid | a cell that contains only 1 set of chromosomes (only 1 of each kind of chromosome) |
| 2N | diploid |
| 1N | haploid |
| Prophase | chromatin begins to condense into chromosomes, nuclear membrane and nucleolus disassemble; centriole divides and moves to opposite poles |
| Prometaphase | spindle fibers attach from centrioles to the centromeres of each chromosome |
| Metaphase | Chromosomes line up along a "equator" (equitorial plane) |
| Anaphase | the centromeres split and the chromosomes are pulled by spindle fibers to opposite poles |
| Telophase | cytokinesis takes place, nuclear membrane and nucleolus reappear, chromosomes begin to relax back into the form of chromatin |
| The twp cells produced by Mitosis are... | identical to the cell that began mitosis |
