| A | B |
|---|
| Bartolomeu Dias | He sailed around the tip of Africa in 1488 and expored the southeast coast of Africa |
| Prince Henry | the most enthusiastic supporter of exploration for Portugal. he opened up a school for navigation and was nicknamed the "navigator" |
| Vasco da Gama | He sailed around the tip of Africa and landed in Calicut, India in 1497 and gives Portugal a direct sea-route to India |
| Treaty of Tordesillas | an agreement that split up what countires Portugal and Spain could trade with |
| Dutch East India Company | The company of Netherlands that dealt with all trade in the east Indies. This company could make treaties, create its own army, and make its own currency. |
| Caravel | a 65 foot ship that was sturdier than previous ships and easier to maneuver |
| Astrolabe | a brass instrument used to calculate time and latitude by studying the stars |
| Sextant | replaced the astrolabe in the mid-1700s because it was more accurate than the astrolabe and could measure both latitude and longitude |
| Compass | a Chinese invention that studied the direction of wind |
| Triangular sails | adapted by teh Arabs, these allowed more movement for ships |
