| A | B |
|---|
| Joist | is commonly used to refer to a floor supporting bea member |
| Rafter | is used to refer to an angled roof-supporting beam member |
| Framing plans | may include information such as the roofing material, shething, and finish details |
| Sill Plate | is a board attached to the top surface of the foundation wall |
| Header | is nailed to the top of the sill plate at its xterrior edge |
| Subfloor | the joists and header are covered with subflooring a sheet material, such as plywood is normally used |
| Double header | When an opening that disrupts the framing pattern is needed a double header is installed perpendicular to the joists |
| Double trimmer | a double trimmer consists of two jists nailed together next to an opening |
| Tail joist | a joist interrupted by an opening, tail joists normally run between the double header and the sill plate |
| A ledger | is a small piece of lumber such as a 2x2, nailed to the side of the double header, at its bottom edge |
| Bridging | consists of small members connected between the sides of a adjacent joists to provide bracing |
| Dimensions for exterrior walls | are given to the outside of the stud wall for the frame |
| Knee walls | short walls joined by a sloping ceiling and dormers |
| Platform framing | is the most widely used type of framing it resembles a platform when the subflooring is complete |
| Ballon framing | in this type of framing, the studs extend unroken from the first floor sill plate to the top plate of the highest floor. |
| Ribbon | something that joists set into |
| Post-and -beam framing | consists of heavy timber material for vertical posts in wall sections and horizontal beams supporting floor and roof sections and horizontal beams supporting floor and roof sections |
| Sole Plate | This serves as a base for the wall frame it is the same size member as the studs |
| Studs | are vertical members in the wall frame running from the sole plate to the top plate |
| Header | is on top of a window they are used to distribute weight of a building around an opening |
| Trimmer stud | a stud is always located on either side of a header |
| Rough sill | is positioned to support a window |
| Cripple stud | short studs extend between the top plate and the header or the sole plate and header or the sole plate and rough sill |
| Blocking | is used to provide structural support and to prevent the spread of fire from floor to floor through stud spaces |
| Top plate | rests above studs |
| Loadbering partitions | are loadbearingwalls that carry the ceiling or floor load from above are called |
| Door and Window schedule | give the number and size of all doors and windows in the building |
| Sectional views | are drawn to a larger scale and included on the drawings to clarify construction details |
| Ridge board | is horizontal member at the peak of the roof |
| Collar beam | the horizontal member ties the rafters together |
| Rise | is the vertical distance between the top plate and the ridge board |
| Run | is the horizontal distance from the wall supporting the bottom of the rafter to the ridge board |
| Span | the distance between the walls supporting the rafters is called |
| Birds Mouth | Consists of two two cuts: the seat cut and the plumb cut |
| Common rafters | run at right angles from the wall plate to the ridge |
| Hip rafters | Rafters that extend from an outside corner of a building |
| Vally rafters | extend from an inside corner of a building to the ridge board |
| Jack rafters | Have shorter spans and extend to either hip or valley rafters |
| Stringer | The angled member running between the lower and the upper floors that supports the stairs is the |
| Tread | the tread is the horizontal member that forms the steps |
| Riser | is the vertical member that provides the change in elevaton between two adjacent stairs |
| Run | the total horizontal length of the stairway is the |
| Rise | riser height multiplied by the number of risers, the vertical distance between floors is found |
