| A | B |
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| Chromosomes | threadlike structures made of DNA molecules, which contain the genes |
| DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) | Genes are the biochemical (Bio-chem.) units of heredity (Hdy) that make up the chrom; they are segments of the DNA mole. (molecule) capable of synthesizing(Synth) a protein. |
| Genome | complete set of genetic instructions (Ins.) for making an organism. |
| Natural Selection | the evolutionary principle that traits that contribute to reproduction and survival are most likely to be passed on to succeeding generations. |
| evolutionary psychology | the study of evolution of behavior using principles of natural selection. |
| Gender | the biological and social characteristics by which people define male and female. |
| Behavior genetics | the study of genetic and environmental influences on specific behaviors |
| Identical twins | develop from a single fertilized egg that slpits in two and therefore are genetically identical |
| Fraternal twins | develop from two separate eggs fertilized by different sperm and therefore are no genetically similar than ordinary siblings. |
| Heritability | the proportion of variation among individuals in a trait that is attributable to genetic factors. Current estimates place the heritability of intelligence at about 50 to 70% |
| Temperament | refers to a person’s character: Emotional reactivity and intensity. |
| Heritability | An interaction occurs when the effects of one factor such as heredity depends in another factor (such as environment). |
| Molecular genetics | the subfield of biology that seeks to identify the specific genes that influence specific human traits and behaviors. |
| culture | enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next. |
| Norms | understood social prescriptions, or rules, for accepted and expected behavior |
| Personal space | refers to the buffer zone, or mobile territory, that people like to maintain around their bodies |
| Memes | variations in ideas, fashions, and innovations passed from one person to another that cause rapid cultural mutations. |
| Testosterone | the principal male sex hormone. During the prenatal development, testosterone stimulates the development of the external male sex organs. |
| role | a culturally prescribed setoff behaviors expected of those who occupy a particular social position. |
| Gender | identity is one’s personal sense of being male or female. |
| Gender-typing | the acquisition of traditional feminine or masculine gender role. |
| social learning theory | people learn social behavior by observing and imitations by being rewarded or punished. |
| gender schema theory | children acquire a cultural concept of what it means to be female or male and adjust their behavior accordingly |
