| A | B |
|---|
| Abiotic | Non-living components of an environment |
| Bark | The visible outer covering of a tree which protects the inside. |
| Biodiversity | Many different species living in balance with their environment. |
| Biotic | Living components of an environment. |
| Cambium | The growing part of a tree where cells form from wood |
| Canopy | The top branches and leaves of the trees in a forest. |
| Carbon Dioxide | a gas composed of carbon and oxygen, produced during respiration |
| Carnivore | A meat eating organism |
| Cones | Small, woody structure of coniferous trees which produce the seeds |
| Conifer | A tree which bears cones and has needles or scale-like leaves. |
| Consumer | An organism which feeds on other organisms in an ecosystem |
| Crown | The top of a tree which forms the canopy |
| Deciduous | Trees and plants which lose their leaves annually every autumn |
| Decomposer | An organism which breaks down material and litter |
| Ecosystem | An area of living and non-living components which form an environment |
| Food chain | A representation of who eats who in a ecosystem |
| Food web | Feeding relationships in an ecosystem, the transfer of energy throughout a ecosystem |
| Forest | A group of trees |
| Forest floor | The area around the base of the trees. usually covered with leaves, moss, and other plants |
| Growth ring | Rings which are present on a cross-section of a tree trunk which represent and determine the age of a tree |
| Habitat | A preferred place where an animal or plant lives |
| Heartwood | The non-living wood making up most of a tree stem which gives the stem strength |
| Herbivore | A plant eating organism |
| Inner Bark | The inner layer which serves to take food from the leaves to parts of the tree |
| Lichens | The organism resulting from the relationship between an alga and a fungus |
| Phloem | The inner bark tissue that transports nutrients down to the roots and back up |
| Photosynthesis | the process by which a tree produces its own food |
| Producer | Any organism which uses energy from the sun to produce its own food |
| Respiration | The process of exchanging gases with the environment |
| Sapwood | The softer outer layer of the wood in the stem between the cambium and heartwood, responsible for the nutrient transportation |
| Seedling | A very young tree |
| Shrub | A low growing perennial plant |
| Stomata | Little holes on the underside of leaves which allow gases to pass |
| Transpiration | The loss of water through the pores (stomata) in the leaves |
| Tree | A perennial woody plant having a well-defined stem at least 3 m high |
| Xylem | Microscopic tubes running the length of a plants trunk that conducts water and minerals upward from the roots |
