| A | B |
|---|
| Boricas | A name that Puerto Ricans call themselves. |
| bracero | Contracted Mexican laborers brought to the United States during World War II. |
| Chavez, Cesar | He was the best-known Hispanic labor leader for economic empowerment. |
| Chicanismo | An ideology emphasizing pride and positive identity among Mexican Americans. |
| color gradient | The placement of people on a continuum from light to dark skin color rather than in distinct racial groupings by skin color. |
| compardrazgo | the godparent-godchild relationship |
| culture of poverty | A way of life that involves no future planning, no enduring commitment to marriage, and no work ethic; this culture follows the poor even when they move out of the slums or the barrio. |
| FALN | This group, in 1974, took responsibility for more than 100 explosins that continued through 1987. |
| familism | Pride and closeness in the family that result in placing family obligation and loyalty before individual needs. |
| Jones Act of 1917 | Citizenship was extended to Puerto Ricans in 1917. |
| La Raza | "The People," a term referring to the rich heritage of Mexican Americans and hence used to denote a sense of pride among Mexican Americans today. |
| life chances | People's opportunities to provide themselves with material goods, positive living conditions, and favorable life experiences. |
| MALDEF | Organized in 1967, this emerged as a potent force to protect Mexican Americans' constitutional rights. |
| malinche | The name of the Mexican American woman who became the mistress of the Spanish conqueror, Cortes. |
| mojados | "Wetbacks;" derisive slang for Mexicans who enter illegally, supposedly by swimming the Rio Grande. |
| neocolonialism | Continuing dependence of former colonies on foreign countries. |
| Neoricans | Puerto Ricans who return to the island to settle after living on the mainland of the United States (also Nuyoricans). |
| Operation Wetback | Another crackdown on illegal aliens was to be the third step in dealing with the perceived Mexican problem and was fully inaugerated in 1954. |
| Pentecostalism | Religious groups similar in many respects to evangelical faiths, which, in addition, believe in the infusion of the Holy Spirit into services and in religious experiences such as faith healing. |
| repatriation | The program during the 1930's of deporting Mexicans. |
| Tijerina, Rejes Lopez | He became a Pentecostal preacher and in the late 1950s took an interest in old Spanish land grants. |
| tracking | The practice of placing students in specific curriculum groups on the basis of test scores and other criteria. |
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | Mexico acknowledged the annexation of Texas by the United States and ceded California and most of Arizona and New Mexico to the United States for $15 million. |
| United Farm Workers union | In 1962, Chavez formed the National Farm Workers Association. |
| vendidos | Militant Mexican Americans refer to assimilationists, who they say would sell out to the White people as traitors. |
| world systems theory | A view of the global economic system as divided between nations that control wealth and those that provide natural resources and labor. |
