| A | B |
|---|
| Anton VanLeewenhoek | Made the 1st microscope |
| Robert Hooke | Gave cells their name |
| Mathias Schleiden | Said all plants were made of cells |
| Theodor Schwann | Said all animals were made of cells |
| Cell Theory | 1. All living things are made of cells 2. Cells are the basic unit of structure & function 3. All cells come from preexisting cells |
| Prokaryote | Cells with NO true nucleus |
| Eukaryote | Cells with a true nucleus |
| Unicellular | Made of a single cell |
| Multicellular | Made of many cells |
| Bacteria | The only prokaryotic cells |
| Nucleus | Control center of the cell that gives instructions on how to make a protein |
| Mitochondria | Powerhouse of the cell that makes ATP energy |
| Ribosomes | Make proteins |
| ER | Checks proteins to make sure they are made correctly |
| Golgi | Mailroom of the cell; packages and distributes proteins |
| Lysosome | Destroys bad proteins |
| Vacuole | Stores food, water & wastes |
| Cell membrane | Semipermeable outer boundary of animal cells |
| Cell wall | Rigid outer boundary of plant cells |
| Phospholipid bilayer | Another name for the cell membrane |
| Passive transport | Movement across the membrane without energy |
| Active transport | Movement across the membrane that requires energy |
| Diffusion | Passive transport of small molecules like oxygen, carbon dioxide and urea from high concentration to low. |
| Osmosis | Diffusion of water |
| Facilitated diffusion | Passive transport of larger molecules like glucose from high concentration to low |
| Endocytosis | Active transport; engulfing large molecules into the cell |
| Exocytosis | Active transport; exiting of large molecules from the cell |
| Photosynthesis | carbon dioxide + water + sunlight --> glucose + oxygen |
| Respiration | Glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water + ATP energy |
| Chloroplast | The organelle that carries out photosynthesis in plants |
| Aerobic respiration | Making a lot of energy per glucose using oxygen |
| Anaerobic respiration | Making of a small amount of energy without oxygen |
| Ethanol | Product of fermentation in plants |
| Lactic acid | Product of fermentation in animals |
