| A | B |
|---|
| Period | a three-digit grouping of whole numbers separated by commas, where each grouping consists of units, tens, and hundreds |
| Digit | any numeral from 0 – 9 |
| Place Value | the value of a digit as determined by its location in a number, such as units, tens, hundreds, etc… |
| Compatible numbers | numbers that are easy to compute mentally |
| Estimate | an answer close to, or to approximate an exact answer |
| Rounding | a type of estimation with specific rules |
| Bar graph an arrangement of numbers at regular intervals | a graph with horizontal or vertical bars that represents categorical data |
| Interval | the set of all numbers between two given numbers |
| Perimeter | the distance around the outer edge of a figure |
| Scale | an arrangement of numbers at regular intervals |
| Quotient | the solution to a division problem |
| Product | the solution to a multiplication problem |
| Multiplication | one of the four basic operations of arithmetic where in the multiplication statement a x b = c, a is the multiplicand, b is the multiplier, and c is the product; the process of repeated addition |
| Factor | number multiplied by another number to find a product |
| Division | one of the four basic operations of arithmetic where in the division statement a ÷ b = c, a is the dividend, b the divisor, and c is the quotient; the process of repeated subtraction |
| Array | a set of items arranged in rows and columns |
| Area model | a rectangular grid formed from square units |
| Problem-solving strategy | a plan or strategy to solve word problems (e.g., acting it out, drawing a picture or graph, using logical reasoning, looking for a pattern, using a process of elimination, creating an organized chart or list, solving a simpler but related problem, using trial and error (systematic guessing and checking), working backwards, etc.) |
| Problem-solving model | a flexible framework to think about the processes involved in mathematics (e.g., Poyla’s stages: understanding the problem, making a plan, carrying out the plan, and looking back, etc.) |
| Multi-step problem | a problem that requires two or more steps and/or operations to solve |
| Fraction | a number in the form a/b where a and b are whole numbers and b is not equal to zero. A fraction can be used to name part of an object, part of a set of objects, or to represent division |
| Equivalent fractions | fractions that have the same value |
| Area | the number of square units that cover a figure |
| Customary measurement | the system of measurement used in the United States; usually written with fractions |
| Perimeter | the distance around the outer edge of a figure |
| Standard unit | a unit of measure that has been defined by a recognized authority, such as a government or standards organization. For example, inches, meters, seconds, liters, pounds, and grams are all standard units of measure |
| Metric measurement | the system of international measure (SI) based on the decimal systems and base units of tens |
