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| how were things different in the 1950s for black and whites | 52 percent of white Americans were in the suburbs with houses and stay at home moms an jobs; blacks were not as lucky; segregated housing an education; Jim Crow laws alive and well and many of them stayed in the deep South |
| what year was brown vs. board of educ | 1951 |
| what was brown vs. board about | brown decision undermined state sanctioned segregation |
| what was largely responsible for the victory | the NAACP set up a legal defense educational fund (NAACP - LDEF) |
| what was the foundation of the NAACP - LDEF | to fight segregation and discrimination in education, housing, employment, and politics |
| 1944 Supreme Court - Smith vs. Allwright | delcaring white primaries unconstitutional (politics) |
| Shelley v. Kramer 1948 | outlawing restrictive residential covenants |
| Constance Baker Motley | symbolized struggle of black professionals...guie on road to Brown case |
| Constance Baker Motley---who is she | she came from New Haven Conn. her parents worked as domestics or in service jobs for Yale ---she went to integrated schools and experience racism---she became a famous layer |
| Who inspired her an how | George Crawford an NAACP lawyer---he gave a speech about the supreme court decision in State of Missouri v. Canada... |
| State of Missour vs. Canada | Univ of Missouri law school denied Gaines admission but offered to pay his tuition to an out of state school |
| Gaines wins case...why | NAACP argued it was against the 14th amendment; equal protection provided regardless of race |
| Gaines set precedent for .... | states had to furnish within thier borders facilities for legal education for black people equal to white people |
| Constance Motley wanted to be a lawyer but couldn't afford college or law school so... | Clarence Blakeslee a white fundraiser guy heard her speak and paid for her eudcation |
| Constance Baker Motley graduated from... | she was only the second black woman to be a lawyer...she graduatefrom Columbia University...in 1946 started to work for the NAACP LDEF |
| Sipuel vs. Univ. of Oklahoma | Sipuel was denied amission because she was black to Oklahoma law school .... she won violated clause in 14th amendment.. |
| Sweatt vs. Painter | the Univ. of TX tried to educate him in law school in separate facilities...three rooms and he won because he was denied the opportunity to discuss law with other students whom he later would be associated with professionally |
| ALL OF THESE CASES about being denied admittance and education with peers helped the Brown case that would come up next | xxxx |
| SOOO...Constance Baker Motley heads south ...what issues woul she face | well, she was a female black attorney and they called her "connie" the men were referred to as "mister" she also would have trouble finding a hotel for a long case so she depended on the good local courage of some people |
| Briggs vs. Elliott | this was about the black children not having any buses to school in an elementary school in South Carolina (Clarendon County)...the board president...Roderick Elliott said we ain't got no money to bus your nigger children..well, then, Harry Briggs a navy veteran schooled the district...an it became the FIRST legal challenge to elementary school segregation to originate in the South. |
| What was Brown II -- second ruling in May 1955 after original Brown | addressed practical process of desegregation |
| BROWN II | basically said they need to get moving on the desegregation "all deliberate speed" ... the blacks thought it would be immediate and whites want them to drag feet...sadly Eisenhower didn't help with his authority at all |
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