| A | B |
|---|
| Acute Pain | pain with anticipated end and duration< 6 months |
| Chronic Pain | Pain without an anticipated end and duration> 6 months |
| Location of Pain | Patient identifies the site of the pain by pointing or marking on a diagram |
| Referred Pain | Perceived to be in one area but originating in another |
| Radiating Pain | Pain perceived at the source and nearby areas |
| Visceral Pain | Pain arising from organs |
| Duration of Pain | How long have you had the pain and how long does it last? |
| Intensity of Pain | The quantity of pain usually reported on a scale of 1-10 |
| Mild Pain | 1-3 – Treat with non-opioid / NSAIDS |
| Moderate Pain | 4-6 Opioid Analgesics Hydrocodone |
| Severe Pain | 7-10 Opioid OxyContin, Morphine |
| Neuropathic Pain | Pain resulting from damaged or malfunctioning nerves |
| Phantom pain | Pain experienced in a missing/amputated limb |
| Pain threshold | the least amount of stimuli necessary for the individual to label a sensation pain |
| Pain tolerance | the most pain a person is able /willing to tolerate before evasive actions |
| Example Mechanical Stimulus | Surgery, tumor |
| Example Thermal Stimulus | Extreme heat or cold |
| Example Chemical Stimulus | Tissue ischemia, lactic acid |
| Gate control theory | Control of pain using stimulation or higher brain activity to block pain pathways |
| Cultural Response to pain | May influence a person's reaction or expression of pain |
| Quality | Descriptive adjectives both physical and emotional |
| Precipitating factors | Things/activities that trigger or make pain worse |
| Alleviating factors | What have you done to try to make the pain lessen |
| Affective response | Emotional feelings that accompany pain such as fear, anger, depression. |
| Associated symptoms | Symptoms that accompany or result from pain |
| Analgesic | Category of medication used to relieve pain |
| Effect of pain on ADLs | How pain effects, work, mobility, social and recreational activity |
| When regular scheduled pain medication should be used | Predictable pain |
| Addiction | Neurobiological disease characterized by impaired control over use, compulsive use despite harm |
| Physical Dependence | State of adaptation to medication use characterized by withdrawal symptoms |
| Tolerance | State of adaptation with diminishing effects over time |
| Example social target of control | Pet therapy, support groups |
| Preventing Pain | Treating before pain occurs or becomes severe |
| Co-Analgesics | medication not classified as pain medication but decreases pain experience Antidepressants, anticonvulsants |
| Placebo | A medication that produces an effect not from its chemical properties but the psychological expectation. |
| Bolus | Single or repeated dose meant to raise blood levels immediately |
| PCA pump | Patient Controlled analgesia allowing clients to treat their pain by self administration of medication |
| Example Body/physiologic target of control | Massage, ice |
| Example Mind target of control | Guided imagery, distraction |
| Example Spiritual target of control | Prayer, ritual, Reiki |
