| A | B |
|---|
| hellas | the name for Greece's land |
| Hellenic | the term for Greek culture |
| Polis | term for a greek city state |
| Agora | the greek marketplace or public square |
| Acropolis | the fortitified hill at the center of a greek polis |
| Barter system | trading physical goods instead of $ |
| Trireme | powerful greek ships |
| colonies | areas settled by Greece because they lacked space and farmland |
| citizens | those that were allowed to participate in government. (free native born men) |
| polytheistic | having many gods |
| zeus | king of the gods, god of lightning |
| Hera | queen of gods, goddess of marriage |
| Artemis | goddess of the moon, the wild and the hunt |
| Aphrodite | goddess of love and beauty |
| Athena | goddess of wisdom and skill |
| Apollo | god on the sun, music and prophecy |
| Homer | poet who composed the Iliad and Odyssey |
| The Iliad | tells the story of the last year of the Trojan war, major characters are Achilles, Paris, Helen and Hector |
| The Odyssey | tells the story of Odyssseus's return home from the Trojan War. Athena assists Odyseus on his return. |
| Athens | city state that developed democracy, and focused on art and education |
| Sparta | city state that focused on war, and had an aggressive society |
| Oligarchy | rule by the few (form of govt used in sparta) |
| Monarchy | rule by a king who passes rule to his son |
| Aristocracy | rule by wealthy land owners |
| Tyranny | rule by one person who seizes power |
| Direct Democracy | people vote on decisions rather than to elect people |
| Draco | tyrant that established a harsh law code |
| Solon | Tyrant that worked to expand rights of commoners |
| Cleisthenes | credited with establishing democracy in Greece |
| Helots | term for the slaves in Ancient Greece |
| Herodotus | "father of History" known for his history of the Persian wars |
| Battle of MArathon | deciisve Greek victory in 1st Persian War |
| Battle of Thermopylae | Heroic Spartan stand against the Persians |
| Battle of Salamis | decisive Greek naval victory in 2nd Persian wars |
| Golden Age | time period of great achievement in Athens. It occurred after the Persian wars |
| Themistocles | leader of Athenians at Salamis. He leads Athens to victory during the 2nd Persian War. |
