| A | B |
| Maria Theresa | Austria |
| Phillip II | Spain |
| Louis XIV | France |
| Frederick the Great | Prussia |
| Peter the Great | Russia |
| Absolutism | political belief that one ruler should hold all of the power within the boundaries of a country |
| Divine Right | God has given a person the right and responsibility to rule |
| Edict of Nantes | Henry of Navarre's 1598 declaration that promised Protestants could live in peace in France and set up some houses of worship |
| Skepticism | philosophy based on the idea that nothing can be known for certain |
| Thirty Year's War | conflict over religion and territory for power among European ruling families fought mainly in central Europe from 1618 to 1648. |
| Peace of Westphalia | Ended the Thirty Year's War and introduced the new method of peace negotiations |
| Boyars | Russia's landowning nobles |
| Westernization | adoption of social, political, or economic institutions of Western Countries (European) |
| Glorious Revolution | Bloodless overthrow of the English, Catholic King James II and his replacement by the Protestant William and Mary in 1688 |
| Constitutional monarchy | a system of government in which the ruler's power is limited by law. |