| A | B |
| foreshadowing | when a writer provides hints that suggest future events in a story |
| suspense | a feeling of growing tension and excitement felt by the reader and the plot develops |
| irony | a contrast between expectation and reality |
| situational irony | when what happens is very different from what is expected to happen |
| dramatic irony | when the audience or the reader knows something a character does not know |
| verbal irony | contrast between what is said and what is meant |
| flashback | an interruption in the action of a plot to tell what happened at an earlier time |
| figurative languages | simile, metaphor, idiom, hyperbole, alliteration, onomatopoeia. and personification |
| mood | the emotions that a piece of writing creates within the reader |
| tone | how the author feels about the subject of a piece of writing |
| positive connotation | a positive feeling is associated or felt as the word is spoken |
| negative connotation | a negative feeling is associated and felt as the word is spoken |
| denotation | the literal dictionary definition of a word |
| connotation | the literal dictionary definition of a word |