| A | B |
| expanse | n. a large open area of sky, sea or land |
| sacrifice | v. give up something important to you to help someone else |
| durable | adj. not easily breakable |
| prime | v. prepare for a particular situation |
| frigid | adj. extremely cold |
| participant | n. a person who takes part in a certain activity |
| equivalent | adj. equal in value, amount, quality, etc |
| deduce | v. reach an answer by thinking carefully about the information you have |
| affirm | v. state that something is true |
| culmination | n. the act of arriving at a conclusion |
| benefactor | n. someone who helps another person, group, etc, by giving money |
| candid | adj. showing someone in a natural way because they do not know they are being photographed |
| novice | n. a person who has just started learning to do a certain thing |
| headquarters | n. a place from which something is controlled or directed |
| dwindle | v. to become smaller in number |
| cripple | v. cause a person or animal to be unable to walk or move normally |
| frostbite | n. a condition in which part of your body freezes |
| flounder | v. move in an strange way with a lot of difficulty and effort |
| latitude | n. the distance (measured in degrees) between the equator and a point north or south on the Earth's surface |